lcd panel pinouts diagram manufacturer

This is a page where you can find common laptop/desktop LCD panel pinouts and see if your laptop screen"s pinout matches any one of them (it likely does!).

This is a very common pinout for higher-resolution CCFL displays. If you have a 1440x900, 1400x1050 or 1680x1050 panel, it"s likely using this pinout.

This is a pinout for desktop LCD monitor screens - laptop panels do not use this pinout (if there are some, let me know). If you"re ordering a MT6820 (MT561) board, it will arrive with a cable that has this specific pinout and is therefore incompatible with laptop screens - as you"re likely here to reuse a laptop screen, you will want to either rewire the cable you get, or order a suitable cable (for either A or B pinout, whichever you need) from the beginning.

This is a pinout that"s, apparently, specific to a select range of 18.5" 1366x768 displays used in desktop LCD monitors. It"s not compatible with either A, B or C pinouts, and requires a specifically wired cable.

In some datasheets, the pinout will list extra pins - one before and one after the main pins, both would be described something like "shield GND". So, for a FI-X 30-pin connector, you might find a pinout in your datasheet that lists 32 pins instead of 30. These two pins are not "real" connector pins and you shouldn"t worry about them - they"re pins that the manufacturer decided to mention for some reason, but they"re not relevant when you are actually connecting to the panel.

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In this tutorial I am going to explain about the pin out, working and control systems of character lcd’s. Character lcd’s comes in many sizes for example 8×1, 8×2, 8×4, 16×1, 16×2, 20×1, 20×2, 20×4, 24×1, 24×2, 24×4, 32×1, 32×2, 40×1, 40×2 and 40×4. In these MxN dimensions, M represents number of coulombs & N represents number of rows.

All these Lcd’s available in market have 14 or 16 pins depending on the vendor/supplier. Also they all contains a same lcd controller in them which controls all their activities. Talks to external peripherals(like microcontrollers) receives data from external devices and displays them on lcd display screen. Generally every character lcd has HD44780 controller in it which controls every operation of character lcd. Some variants and competitors of HD44780 also placed step in embedded market but they are not popular for exampleAIP31066 , KS0066 , SPLC780 and ST7066 lcd controller.

In these 14 pins, 8 are data pins(FromDB-0toDB-7). Three are lcd control pinsRS(Register Select),R/W(Read-Write) &En(Enable). Two are lcd power pinsVcc(+5v)Vss(Gnd). The last pin islcd contrast pin(V0).

If lcd contains 16 pins than the extra 2 pins are LED+ and LED- pins. LED+ and LED- are for lcd’s back light, if you want to switch on the back light of lcd then use these pins other wise leave them void.

Character lcd’s which have pins arranged in two lines like headers, their pin-out is given below. Female header pin-out is shown below. Vendors for ease pre-solder the lcd pins and provide a female header for connections.

Mostly character lcds contains HD44780U lcd controller in them. HD44780 was developed by Hitachi. A single HD44780 can handle up to 80 characters. In 40×4 lcd display total characters which we can display on lcd are 40×4=160. So to control 160 characters we need two HD44780 controllers. To work with two HD44780 controllers we need an extra pin to energize the second controller.

Lcd contrast pin is same like fine tuning your television. In televisions we fine tune stations using remote but in character lcd’s we have to manually do it by varying the resistance. Varying the resistance means we control the input current to lcd. Varying resistance will fade or brighten the characters or data appearing on lcd screen.

Character Lcd’s can be interfaced in 8-bit and 4-bit mode with external controllers. In 8-bit mode all the data lines(DB0-DB7) of lcd are utilized. In 4-bit mode only four data pins of lcd are utilized (DB7-DB4). In 4-bit mode first the 8-bit ASCII value is divided in to two nibbles, first the upper nibble is send on data line and then the lower nibble. 4-bit mode is used when we want to save GPIO pins of our external device like microcontoller. An example of lcd connection with remote controller is shown in the picture below.

I prepared a good tutorial on interfacing character lcd in 8-bit and 4-bit mode with microcontrollers. Demo codes are also presented and explained in the post. Click the below button to take the tutorial.

16×2 LCD is named so because; it has 16 Columns and 2 Rows. There are a lot of combinations available like, 8×1, 8×2, 10×2, 16×1, etc. But the most used one is the 16*2 LCD, hence we are using it here.

All the above mentioned LCD display will have 16 Pins and the programming approach is also the same and hence the choice is left to you. Below is the Pinout and Pin Description of 16x2 LCD Module:

These black circles consist of an interface IC and its associated components to help us use this LCD with the MCU. Because our LCD is a 16*2 Dot matrix LCD and so it will have (16*2=32) 32 characters in total and each character will be made of 5*8 Pixel Dots.  A Single character with all its Pixels enabled is shown in the below picture.

So Now, we know that each character has (5*8=40) 40 Pixels and for 32 Characters we will have (32*40) 1280 Pixels. Further, the LCD should also be instructed about the Position of the Pixels.

It will be a hectic task to handle everything with the help of MCU, hence an Interface IC like HD44780 is used, which is mounted on LCD Module itself. The function of this IC is to get the Commands and Data from the MCU and process them to display meaningful information onto our LCD Screen.

The LCD can work in two different modes, namely the 4-bit mode and the 8-bit mode. In 4 bit mode we send the data nibble by nibble, first upper nibble and then lower nibble. For those of you who don’t know what a nibble is: a nibble is a group of four bits, so the lower four bits (D0-D3) of a byte form the lower nibble while the upper four bits (D4-D7) of a byte form the higher nibble. This enables us to send 8 bit data.

As said, the LCD itself consists of an Interface IC. The MCU can either read or write to this interface IC. Most of the times we will be just writing to the IC, since reading will make it more complex and such scenarios are very rare. Information like position of cursor, status completion interrupts etc. can be read if required, but it is out of the scope of this tutorial.

The Interface IC present in most of the LCD is HD44780U,in order to program our LCD we should learn the complete datasheet of the IC. The datasheet is given here.

There are some preset commands instructions in LCD, which we need to send to LCD through some microcontroller. Some important command instructions are given below:

16x2 LCD modules are very commonly used in most embedded projects, the reason being its cheap price, availability, programmer friendly and available educational resources.

16×2 LCD is named so because; it has 16 Columns and 2 Rows. There are a lot of combinations available like, 8×1, 8×2, 10×2, 16×1, etc. but the most used one is the 16×2 LCD. So, it will have (16×2=32) 32 characters in total and each character will be made of 5×8 Pixel Dots. A Single character with all its Pixels is shown in the below picture.

Now, we know that each character has (5×8=40) 40 Pixels and for 32 Characters we will have (32×40) 1280 Pixels. Further, the LCD should also be instructed about the Position of the Pixels. Hence it will be a hectic task to handle everything with the help of MCU, hence an Interface IC like HD44780is used, which is mounted on the backside of the LCD Module itself. The function of this IC is to get the Commands and Data from the MCU and process them to display meaningful information onto our LCD Screen. You can learn how to interface an LCD using the above mentioned links. If you are an advanced programmer and would like to create your own library for interfacing your Microcontroller with this LCD module then you have to understand the HD44780 IC working and commands which can be found its datasheet.

LCD character displays are useful for displaying information without the need for an external monitor. Common LCD character displays can be connected directly to the GPIO pins, but such an approach requires the use of up to 10 GPIO pins. For scenarios that require connecting to a combination of devices, devoting so much of the GPIO header to a character display is often impractical.

Many manufacturers sell 20x4 LCD character displays with an integrated GPIO expander. The character display connects directly to the GPIO expander, which then connects to the Raspberry Pi via the Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) serial protocol.

There are many manufacturers of LCD character displays. Most designs are identical, and the manufacturer shouldn"t make any difference to the functionality. For reference, this tutorial was developed with the SunFounder LCD2004.

The device address for the GPIO expander depends on the chip used by the manufacturer. GPIO expanders equipped with a PCF8574 use the address 0x27, while those using PCF8574A chips use 0x3F. Consult your LCD"s documentation.

Another using declaration creates an instance of Lcd2004 to represent the display. Several parameters are passed to the constructor describing the settings to use to communicate with the GPIO expander. The GPIO expander is passed as the controller parameter.

Monochrome character, graphic and static displays require different input voltages. All the different LCD voltage symbols can be confusing, but believe it or not, there is a system to the madness.

This LCD voltage terminology originated from the terminals of each type of transistor and their common connections in logic circuits. In other words, VCC is often applied to BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) collectors, VEE to BJT emitters, VDD to FET (Field-Effect Transistor) drains and VSS to FET sources. Most CMOS (Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor) IC data sheets now use VCC and GND to designate the positive and negative supply pins.

Pin three (3) is Vo and is the difference in voltage between VDD and VSS. This LCD voltage is adjusted to provide the sharpest contrast. The adjustment can be accomplished through a fixed resistor or a variable potentiometer. Many products have firmware that monitor the temperature and automatically adjust the contrast voltage.

In a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), V0 is used to vary the screen brightness or contrast. Contrast, simply put is the ratio of the light areas to the dark areas in a LCD. This is usually done in a production setting with values which are optimized for most users. Temperature can have an undesirable effect on the display brightness and for this reason a varying resister or potentiometer is used to accommodate the desires of the user.

Below is a data sheet of a 16x2 Character LCD module that shows various recommended driving voltages. The LCD voltage can range from MIN (minimum) to TYP (Typical) to Max (maximum).

If the supplied LCD voltage drops too low, the display is ‘under-driven’ and will produce segments that are ‘grey’. The lower the LCD voltage falls below the acceptable threshold, the lower the contrast will be.

If the LCD is over-driven, you may see ghosting. This is where segments that should not be ‘on’ are gray. They are not as dark as the segments that should be on, but they can be seen and may cause confusion for the end user.

There are times when a customer needs to replace a display that has been discontinued or EOL (End-Of -Life) by their previous LCD supplier. The previous LCD’s pin-outs may be different than Focus’ standard, off-the-shelf display. This is not a large problem to overcome.

The third option is to pull power from pins one and two. This is the same location from which the LCD is pulling its power. Focus does not recommend this option and can modify the PCB for the customer to connect the backlight from a different location.

Many LCD Modules will require more than one internal voltage/current. This may make it necessary for the customer to supply the needed inputs. They may need to supply 3V, 5V, 9V, -12V etc.

The solution for this is to integrate a charge pump (or booster circuit) into the LCD circuitry. This solution works in most applications, but if the product will be operating in an intrinsic environment, care must be taken with layout of the circuit board.

Intrinsically-safe LCDs are Liquid Crystal Displays that are designed to operate in conditions where an arc or spark can cause an explosion. In these cases, charge pumps cannot be employed. In fact, the total capacitive value of the display needs to be kept to a minimum.

Focus Display Solutions does not build a display that is labeled ‘Intrinsically safe’ but we do design the LCD to meet the requirements of the engineer. In meeting the design engineer’s requirements, the display may need to contain two or three independent inputs. Focus can redesign the PCB and lay out the traces to allow for these additional inputs.

Character LCD modules are one of the most popular LCD technologies thanks to their ease of programming, low cost, low power consumption, and short lead times. They can be seen in a wide variety of products.

Most character LCDs are driven by an eight-bit parallel interface which makes use of the standard HD44780 protocol. The display has sixteen pins/connections to drive both the LCD and the optional LED backlight.

A character LCD contains several 5x8 pixel character blocks. Each block has five (5) dots across and eight (8) dots up and down. These dots are turned on and off to generate all possible characters.

Electrical panel wiring diagrams are used to outline each device, as well as the connection between the devices found within an electrical panel. As electrical panels are what will contain control systems, panel wiring diagrams are commonly encountered by PLC technicians and engineers. Although electrical panels may not be overly complex from the first glance, a lot of engineering goes into selecting proper devices, sizing wiring and designing the layout of the panel that is documented by the electrical panel wiring diagrams.

It is important to note that electrical panel wiring diagrams must follow local authorities that dictate the standards that must be respected within the panel. In the United States, this authority is the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the code is called the National Electrical Code (NEC). Furthermore, each state may choose to adopt a different version of the code based on the release. It is important to be familiar with the code that applies in your area before designing a panel.

The electrical panel above includes a MicroLogix PLC, protection devices (fuses),  connection devices (unmanaged switch, EtherNet to RS232 converter), terminal blocks and a power supply.

Power devices within an electrical panel are used to deliver the current required to each device and to protect them from overcurrent situations.Electrical Panel Circuit Breaker | Typically the entry-point for external current into the panel. An electrical panel breaker is similar to what you may found in household applications, but with much higher ratings. This device is used to cut-off all power from the electrical panel and will automatically trip when a certain current level (based on the breaker rating) is exceeded.

The electrical panel wiring diagram above displays an example of a circuit breaker as well as multiple fuses that protect variable frequency drives. Notice that the drawing of the circuit breaker incorporates an icon that indicates that the circuit will open during a current surge.

The diagram above contains a transformer that takes a 575VAC voltage and translates it into 115VAC. 115VAC is a standard voltage in North America and is utilized for many devices including PLCs, HMIs, switches and more.

The electrical drawing will split each card onto a page. In other words, the external modules we saw in the panel will have a separate page on which the components connected to each point are shown.

We haven’t covered all the major components in the section above. However, since we dove into Input and Output points tied to external devices, it is important to cover those before we proceed. In this section, we will present a device symbol that you may find in an electrical panel wiring diagram and give a brief description of the device, as well as a few examples for reference.

In the diagram above, we are shown a connection between an unmanaged switch and a series of peripheral devices that utilize the EtherNet protocol. As mentioned above, for simplicity purposes, it is assumed that the reader understands the use of the RJ45 standard EtherNet cable for this purpose.

Note that this page only describes network connections to these devices. The same devices will be listed on a different page as they require additional signals. Example: The “030-SC01 Conveyor Bed” Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) will be connected to power, a motor, the PLC and safety circuits. These will be covered in a separate page of the electrical panel wiring diagram.

The electrical wiring diagram above contains an example of a safety circuit one may find in an industrial environment. The following components are shown here:The MSR304 is an Allen Bradley Safety Relay. It sends a signal through a series of safety switches and E-Stops and reads the signal it receives at the end of the chain. If all the switches are closed, the relay confirms that the safety circuit is good and energizes the load it is tied to.

The 090-ZSS11 is a safety switch that is part of the safety chain of devices. As shown in the diagram, the safety devices are wired one after the other.

In this section, we"ll outline different tools engineers and technicians use to create electrical panel wiring diagrams. Some of these tools are expensive and are sold through distributors only. However, most of these vendors provide trial versions that you can utilize with limited capabilities in order to assess if their solution is right for you.

EPLAN - This tool specializes in design software for panel and industrial design. You won"t find the extensive list of features you may see in AutoCAD, but the features you will find are exceptionally well designed and maintained by the team. EPLAN has gained in popularity in the recent years and has become the tool of choice for many engineers and electricians.

Electrical Drawings are mandatory by the National Electrical Code (NEC) in the US and other authorities in different regions of the world. They provide a specification list to which electricians and engineers will design and assemble the control panel used in manufacturing and the industry.

Each page of the drawing will display a circuit that will contain some of the elements of the panel along with references to other pages. By using the schematic, it’s possible to identify elements within the panel, validate the connections and troubleshoot field issues when they occur.

This application note describes the i.MX6 CPU graphical system and the steps to define a new custom TFT (Thin Film Transistor) display panel in Digi Embedded Yocto and discusses the most standard panels available. Some panels may need special consideration.

An LCD panel is a matrix of pixels that are divided into rows and columns. These pixels are individually painted according to different signals and timing parameters, and you can control each pixel"s color individually. The panel is continuously refreshed, typically at around 60 Hz, from the contents of the frame buffer memory. Each memory location on the frame buffer corresponds to a pixel on the LCD panel.

A 1024 x 600 resolution display requires 614400 memory locations, with each location having a number of possible colors. The number of bits needed to describe the available colors is called bits per pixel (bpp). For example, 16 bpp can describe 65536 colors and 24 bits can describe 16777216 colors (known as true color). A panel with 614400 24-bit locations requires a 1800 KB frame buffer.

Every manufacturer provides display timings in a slightly different way and some provide more detail than others. Most LCD panels work with a range of timing parameters.

LCD displays must be created as nodes in the device tree with a display-timings subnode. Display timings binding documentation at Documentation/devicetree/bindings/video/display-timing.txt explains the required timing properties to describe an LCD.lcdname {

hfront-porch is the horizontal front porch, the number of clock pulses (pixels) between the last valid pixel data in the line and the next HSYNC pulse. According to the LCD data format, this value is zero.

vback-porch is the vertical back porch, the number of lines (HSYNC pulses) from a VSYNC signal to the first valid line. According to the datasheet timings diagram, this value is zero.

vfront-porch is the vertical front porch, the number of lines (HSYNC pulses) between the last valid line of the frame and the next VSYNC pulse. According to the LCD data format, this value is zero.

NoteThe recommended timings from the LCD datasheet often do not work perfectly, as each platform introduces noise and delays that affect the display"s signals and timings.

hback-porch is the horizontal back porch, the number of pulses (pixels) between the HSYNC signal and the first valid pixel data. According to the datasheet timings diagram, this value is zero.

vback-porch is the vertical back porch, the number of lines (HSYNC pulses) from a VSYNC signal to the first valid line. According to the datasheet timings diagram, this value is zero.

This color chart displays a white one-pixel frame at the edges of the LCD (which allows you to verify correct position and width/height), and gradients of red, green, blue, and white (which allow you to verify correct color depth and format).

4. #Press the LCD glass side of the panel, if the vertical lines disappear or reappear, it can be judged that the cause of poor contact, OM checking should be able to find the poor contact.

The above is the full text of LCD screen failure repair guide, we hope it is helpful to you. If you need to buy LCD and find a reliable LCD supplier, we suggest you to read our other great blog – How to find a reliable LCD supplier.

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