how to make lcd display at home factory

If you have ever wondered what it took to make your own custom graphic LCD from scratch, this video from [Applied Science] is worth a watch. It’s concise and to the point, while still telling you what you need to know should you be interested in rolling your own. There is also a related video which goes into much more detail about experimenting with LCD technology.

[Applied Science] used microscope slides and parts purchased online to make an LCD that displays a custom graphic when activated. The only step that home experimenters might have trouble following is coating the glass slides with a clear conductive layer, which in the video is done via a process called sputtering to deposit a thin film. You don’t need to do this yourself, though. Pre-coated glass is readily available online. (Search for Indium-Tin Oxide or ‘ITO’ coated glass.)

The LCD consists of a layer of liquid crystal suspended between two layers of conductive glass. An electrical field is used to change the orientation of crystals in the suspension, which modulate the light passing through them. Polarizing filters result in a sharp contrast and therefore a visible image. To show a particular shape, some of the conductive coating is removed from one of the layers in the shape of the desired image. The process [Applied Science] uses to do this is nearly identical to etching a custom PCB.

Parts of LCD technology can be quite hackable. Neither of these videos are brand-new, either. Have any of you taken on the challenge of DIY LCD displays? We’ve seen experiments with electrochromatic glass using old LCD displays, as well as experiments in playing with polarized light to hide secret messages on LCD screens.

Liquid Crystal Displays or more commonly known as LCDs are one of the most common electronic components which help us interact with an equipment or a device. Most personal portable equipment and even gigantic industrial equipment utilize a custom segment display to display data. For many portable consumer electronics, a segment LCD display is one of the biggest contributors to the overall cost of the device, hence designing a custom segment display can drive the cost down while also utilizing the display area in the most optimum manner. These displays have the lowest cost per piece, low power requirements, and a low tooling fee too.

At first thought, designing a custom segment LCD might look like a Herculean task, but trust me that it is easier than it seems. In this article, we have summarised and compared the display types and available technologies which are required to construct a custom segment LCD. We have also provided a flowchart that can act as a step-by-step guide while you design your own custom LCD. We have also provided the process we followed, a require gathering sheet we used for communicating our needs to the manufacturer, and a few other data and the quotation we received from the manufacturer.

Icons: A silhouette of any shape can be placed on the glass which enhances the ability to display data. For example, a symbol of a heart can be made to denote heart rate or an icon for a low battery to show that the battery needs to be charged. Icons are counted as a single pixel or segment and can give a lot more details than similar-sized text.

LCD Bias– It denotes the number of different voltage levels used in driving the segments, static drives (explained later in this article) only have 2 voltage levels or 2 bias voltage while multiplex drives have multiple voltage levels. For example, 1/3 will have 4 bias voltages.

LCDs utilizes the light modulating properties of liquid crystals which can be observed by using polarizing filters. Polarizing filters are special materials that have their molecules aligned in the same direction. If the light waves passing through polarisers have the same orientation as the filter, then the molecules of lights are absorbed by the filter, hence reducing the intensity of light passing through it, making it visible.

In Layman’s language, when an electric current is applied to the electrodes, i.e. to the segment line and common line, it twists the Liquid Crystals w.r.t to the polarizing filter, obstructing the light in that particular area as shown in the figure below. Hence, that area becomes darker and prominent.

A custom LCD is important for maximizing the efficiency of the display area by adding custom symbols and characters. It also helps in reducing the cost and improving energy efficiency of the product. A higher number of custom symbols and specified placement of numerical and alphanumerical characters make the display more informative and readable for the user. This makes it look better than the plain old boring displays we get in the market. Furthermore, we can specify the viewing angle, contrast, and other specifications which can increase durability or give a better value for money for our intended usage.  A typical Custom Segment display is shown below, we will also show you how to design and fabricate the same further in the article.

The LCD display doesn’t emit any light of its own, therefore it requires an external source of illumination or reflector to be readable in dark environments.

While designing a custom segment LCD display, we have the leverage of choosing a lot of parameters that affect the final product. From the color of the display to the illumination technique and color of illumination as well as the type of input pins. Some important considerations we need to take while designing a custom 7 segment display are - the type of display, i.e. positive or negative, illumination method, driving technique, polarising type, and connection method. All these design criteria are explained below:

Positive and negative displays can be easily distinguished by the colour of the background and characters. Some common differences between the positive and negative displays are:

So, which one should you choose? When the displays are to be used in areas with higher ambient light, we should select positive segment LCD display as it has better visibility than negative segment LCD displays without using a backlight.

As we know that LED displays don’t emit any light, hence to illuminate it and make it visible in a dark environment, we can use different methods of illumination. The most common LCD Illumination methods are compared below:

For displays that need to be used for budget-friendly devices that should be small and rugged, LED lights are preferred for the displays due to the high durability and low cost of operations. For high brightness, CCFL and Incandescent lights can be used.

A polarizer film is the most important component of an LCD display, which makes it possible to display characters by controlling the light. There are 3 types of polarizers that can be used in the LCD display, the properties and difference are given below:

If your products need to be used with a switchable backlight, then trans-reflective reflectors are best to be used for front reflectors. If the device has to be used without backlight, then we can select a reflective polarizer for the back-panel as it gives the best contrast ratio.

Displays can be categorized into two types, passive displays, and active display, passive displays are simpler to construct as they have 2 connections at each segment, the conductors comprise of an Indium Tin Oxide to create an image, whereas the active displays use thin-film transistors (TFT) arranged in a grid. The name is due to its ability to control each pixel individually.

If your displays have fewer segments, then static LCD drive is preferred as it is easier to control and cheaper to construct, and has a better contrast ratio. But let’s say that if the number of segments in the display are more than 30-40 then a multiplex LCD drive should be preferred as it has multiple common pins, hence reducing the total number of pins required to drive the display.

Choosing a connector type!!! For the prototyping phase or if you need to connect your LCD display on a Microcontroller directly, a pin type connector is the best and most economical option you have. If you need to connect your LCD display in a final product with a high volume of production which also requires to be extremely durable, but at the same time should not take up a lot of space, a Flex type LCD Connector will work best for you

LCDs have limited viewing angles and when seen from an angle they lose contrast and are difficult to be observed.  The viewing angle is defined by the angles perpendicular to the center of the display towards its right, left, up, and down which are denoted by the notations 3:00, 9:00, 12:00, and 6:00 respectively. The viewing angle of LCD can be defined as the angle w.r.t. to the bias angle at which the contrast of segments is legible.

To improve the viewing angle in an LCD, a Bias is incorporated in the design which shifts the nominal viewing angle with an offset. Another technique is to increase the Voltage, it affects the bias angle, making the display crisper when viewed from a direction.

For example, the viewing angle of a TN type TFT LCD is 45-65 degrees. Extra-wide polarising film (EWP) can increase the viewing angle by 10 degrees, using an O film polariser can make the viewing angles 75 degrees but these come at a cost of reduced contrast.

Anti-glare filters are bonded with the top polarising filters using adhesive. It improves the viewability by re-directing light waves so they don’t reflect back towards the viewer thus reducing glare. Newer materials are capable of reducing the front glare by up to less than 0.3%.

LCD Control chip or LCD driver chips can be mounted on the flex cable, display, or externally on a PCB. The placement of LCD control chip can affect the cost and size of the display. The 2 most common methods of chip placement are-Chip of Board (COB)and Chip on Glass(COG) which are described below:

COG can be used as it is cheaper and makes the assembly process simpler, but if the dimensions are a constraint, then the COB is also a viable option.

We planned to design an air quality monitoring system for which we needed a custom segment LCD panel for an air quality monitoring device. Our product needs to display the following data: 2.5-micron and 10-micron particulate matter (PM) suspended in the air; the units should be in parts per million (PPM). CO2 in the air in PPM along with total volatile organic compounds present in the air in parts per billion (PPB). To make the product more usable, we included time in 24-hour format, Temperature in ºC, Battery status, loudspeaker status, Bluetooth status, and Wi-Fi status. And for some personal touch, we also added how good the air quality in the room is by using 3 different smileys.

We realized that it was impossible to provide all these data in a generic LCD available in the market, thus decided to build a custom LCD for our project.

A step-by-step flowchart is shown below to walk you through each and every step of selecting components and getting your custom segment LCD manufactured.

We started by listing down our requirements and drew a mock-up of the display on paper. After finalizing the placement of all the segments and icons on the prototype sketch of the display, we then decided which all icons and segments have to be kept on for the whole time and which needs to be driven. Realizing that there are too many segments, characters and icons, hence we selected a multiplex drive with 8 common pins which helped us bring down the total pins from an estimated 180 pins to less than 40 pins.

Since the device was meant to be used inside houses and offices, which are more often than not well lit and protected from environmental conditions, we opted for a positive mode display. For superior contrast ratio and better viewing angle, we chose a Film Super Twisted Nematic Display (FSTN) with a drive condition of 1/8 Duty and bias of 1/4.

Usually, the displays are mounted at a height of 4.5 feet from the ground, thus the viewing direction was selected to be 12"O clock with an operating frequency of 64Hz. We selected a Transmissive polarizer for the front glass and a reflective polarizer for the rear glass so that the natural light can pass through the front panel and the display can achieve the maximum contrast without the need for backlighting and we opted for the pin type connectors as they are easy for prototyping and are suitable for harsh environment with a lot of vibrations and shocks which best suited our purpose.

In the above image of a custom display design, we sent to the manufacturer, the red lines over multiple characters indicate that all these are considered as a single segment. For the sake of simplicity, we added test like T, S, U, B to denote Text, Symbols, Units, and Battery respectively. These characters were followed by numbers to simplify communication between us and the manufacturer. For example, if we needed any particular text or symbol to remain on, we can easily specify that to the manufacturer by using the corresponding text for that segment.

We mailed our requirements to multiple LCD manufacturers, (you will find a lot of LCD manufacturers on the Internet). Most LCD manufacturers have competitive pricing, and reply within a week. A sample requirement sheet is shown above which a customer needs to fill to specify all the details to the manufacturer.

This is a sample Custom Segment LCD quotation we got from one of the manufacturers. As you can see, the cost is based on the quantity. Higher the quantity, lower the cost. Apart from the cost per quantity, there is one more component called tooling fees. Tooling fee is a one-time fee charged by the manufacturer. It is for the technical design, support, and customization of the product. Customization of PCB or tooling of LCD can drive the tooling price higher or lower.

The tooling time and cost depend on how detailed and accurate designs you sent to the manufacturer. They then send the exact dimensions and technical details of the product they will be manufacturing. Once you confirm the design, they manufacture and ship the product which might take 4-8 weeks to arrive depending on the size of the order and mode of transportation selected.

A custom segment LCD can help you personalize your product while also saving the overall cost of your product. The whole process will take you around 2-3 months, which will include the designing phase, prototyping phase, and getting your custom segment LCDs delivered to your doorstep. Higher ordering quantity will reduce the cost per piece of each unit, thus driving down the cost of your final product.

Liquid crystal displays are commonly known as LCD, consist of liquid crystals that are activated by electric current, and they are used to display lines of alpha-numeric information (one or more lines) in a variety of devices, for example, fax machines, answering machines call counters, laptop computer screens, scientific instruments, portablecompact disc players,clocks, and so forth. The basis of LCD technology is the liquid crystal, a substance made of complicated molecules.

LCD uses a liquid crystal to produce a visible image. Liquid crystal displays are super-thin technology display screens that are generally used in laptop computer screens, TVs, cell phones, and portable video games.Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have become the dominant technology in televisions and monitors in our homes and offices.

In an LCD, an electric current is used to switch segments of liquid crystals from a transparent phase to a cloudy phase, each segment forming part of a number or letter. The segments can also be in the shape of tiny dots or pixels, and they can be arranged in rows and columns. They are turned on and off individually to either block or allow polarized light to pass through. When the light is blocked, a dark spot is created on the reflecting screen.

The input of ITO glass: According to the requirements of the product, appropriate ITO glass is selected and put into the transfer basket. Specifications and models of ITO glass are required to meet the requirements of the product. Remember that the ITO layer must be inserted into the basket upward.

Liquid crystal display (LCD) screens are manufactured by assembling a sandwich of two thin sheets of glass.  On one of the sheets are transistor “cells” formed by first depositing a layer of indium tin oxide (ITO), an unusual metal alloy that you can actually see through.  That’s how you can get electrical signals to the middle of a screen.  Then you deposit a layer of silicon, followed by a process that builds millions of precisely shaped transistor parts.  This patterning step is repeated to build up tiny little cells, one for each dot (known as a pixel) on the screen.  Each step has to be precisely aligned to the previous one within a few microns. Remember, the average human hair is 40 microns in diameter.

On the other sheet of glass, you make an array of millions of red, green, and blue dots in a black matrix called a color filter array (CFA). This is how you produce the colors when you shine light through them.  Then you drop tiny amounts of liquid crystal material into the cells on the first sheet and glue the two sheets together.  You have to align the two sheets so the colored dots sit right on top of the cells, and you can’t be off by more than a few microns in each direction anywhere on the sheet.  The sandwich is next covered with special sheets of the polarizing film, and the sheets are cut into individual “panels” – a term that is used to describe the subassembly that actually goes into a TV.

Clean ITO glass with the cleaning agent and deionized water (DI water), wash impurities and oil stains on the ITO surface with physical or chemical methods and then remove and dry the water to ensure the processing quality of the next process.

According to product requirements, prepare ITO glass (thickness, surface resistance, substrate type) suitable for cleaning. The front of the glass is placed in the same direction, that is, the identification angles of all the glass to be cleaned are placed in the same direction. Work in the same direction.

Photoresist Glue coatingis the first process ofphotolithography. It is to coat a layer of photoresist evenly on the ITO surface of ITO glass. The effect of coating directly affects the quality of photolithography. Its main control content is photoresist Preparation, coating thickness, and uniformity, coating surface state, etc.

Evenly coat a layer of photoresist on the conductive surface of ITO glass. The glass coated with a photoresist must be pretreated at a certain temperature.

Duringexposure,the mask and photoresist will not damage the photoresist film and contaminate the mask film even if they are in contact with each other. At the same time, only when the photoresist is clean, can the photoresist fully react with light during exposure.

Ultraviolet light (UV) is used to illuminate the surface of the photoresist through the premade electrode pattern mask, which causes the reaction of the photoresist layer. The photoresist is selectively exposed under an ultraviolet lamp by covering the photoresist on the glass coated with the photoresist (as shown in the figure).

Process control:temperature, time (pulling speed) exposure Use ultraviolet light to irradiate the photoresist surface through the premade film (selective irradiation) to make the photoresist layer of the part irradiated by the ultraviolet light react.

The surface of the glass is treated with developer solution, the photoresist layer decomposed by light is removed, the photoresist layer of the unexposed part is retained, the photoresist of the part exposed by UV light is dissolved in the developer solution by chemical method, the developed glass has to undergo a certain temperature hardening film treatment.

The photoresist is selectively exposed under the ultraviolet light development Treat the surface of the glass with a developer solution, remove the photoresist layer (positive glue) that has been decomposed by light, leave the unexposed part of the photoresist layer, and use the photolithography of the part irradiated with UV light to dissolve in the developer solution.

Since the photoresist film softens and swells during development, which affects the anti-corrosion ability of the film, the glass must be baked at an appropriate temperature after development to remove moisture and enhance the adhesion of the film to the glass. This process is called hard film.

Hard film conditions: one is temperature, and the other is time (drawing speed). Generally, hard film conditions are higher than pre-baking conditions.

Use a certain ratio of acid to remove the ITO film on the glass that is not protected by the photoresist, and leave the ITO protected by the photoresist, and finally form the desired pattern.

As shown in the figure, the etching solutionused should generally be able to etch away the ITO without damaging the photoresist on the glass surface. Generally, a certain proportion of HCl, HNO3 (or FeCl3), and a mixture of water are used.

Etching is traditionally the process ofusing strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surfaceto create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. … The plate is then dipped in a bath of acid, known as the mordant (French for “biting”) or etchant, or has acid washed over it.

With an appropriate acid etching solution, the ITO film without photoresist covering is etched off. Thus, the required ITO electrode pattern is obtained.

Use high-concentration lye as a stripping solution to peel off the remaining photoresist on the glass, so that an ITO pattern that is exactly the same as the film pattern is formed on the ITO glass, as shown in the figure below.

Generally, a brush is used toscrubat the same time to enhance the stripping effect. Then use DI water to clean and dry the glue crumbs. Generally, the above processes are calledlithography processes, which play a key role in LCD manufacturing.

the high concentration of alkali solution (NaOH solution) is used as the film removal solution to peel off the remaining photoresist on the glass, thus forming ITO graphics exactly consistent with the lithography mask on the ITO glass.

According to product requirements, prepare ITO glass (thickness, surface resistance, substrate type) suitable for cleaning. The front of the glass is placed in the same direction, that is, the identification angles of all the glass to be cleaned are placed in the same direction. Work in the same direction.

Generally, the orientation materials for the production of low- and medium-grade LCDs are made of PA, that is, polyimide acid, which is made by the polymerization reaction of dianhydride and diamine at low temperature. It is dehydrated and cured at high temperature (the upper chemical layer is a kind of ring Chemical reaction), it becomes polyimide (PI). Polyimide has good chemical stability, excellent mechanical properties, high insulation, high-temperature resistance, high dielectric constant, radiation resistance, and non-flammability.

Screen printing is a technology, where the print material is pressed by a squeegee through a mesh that is fixed on a frame. The mesh carries a photoresist layer with openings defining the pattern to be printed.

Flexo printing is offered in order to form polyimide layers in glass plates for LCD manufacturing. We can integrate these machines in an in-line production street or in a polyimide cluster, consisting of a polyimide printing machine, a coupled hot plate curing system and related automation incl. loading and unloading devices.

The purpose of the pre-baking is to promote the full volatilization of the solvent in the adhesive film and to dry the adhesive film to enhance the adhesion between the adhesive film and the ITO glass surface and the wear resistance of the adhesive film.

The glass coated with a photoresist is baked for a period of time at a certain temperature to volatilize the solvent in the photoresist and increase its adhesion to the glass surface. the glass will be processed by high temperature again, making the photoresist stronger.

Use flannel materials to rub the surface of the alignment layer in a specific direction so that the liquid crystal molecules can be aligned along the rubbing direction of the alignment layer in the future.

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Punctuation silkscreen is used to connect the circuits of the LCD because there are 2 glasses of the LCD. up one and down. Only the pin side glass has an electricity connection, that dots are for supplying electricity for the glass which doesn’t have electricity. that dots are for supplying electricity for the glass which doesn’t have electricity.

The system of roller lamination is that after an inclined stage which sucks and holds the film, then touches the roller at the film tip portion, and laminates the film to the cover glass by roller pressure and the movement of the lamination stage. The screen lamination system is a method of entirely sucking and holding the film in an adsorption mesh sheet and laminating it by a roller pressure through a mesh.

As described above already, the seal has to be finally cured after the cell assembly process. This has to be done under pressure in order to make sure that the seal thickness is properly related to the spacer diameter and the calculated liquid crystal thickness can be reached with low tolerances. Hotpress ovens are available as a batch process tool and as a single panel press oven. The batch oven requires a previous collection of panels and preparation of a larger pile of panels that are pressed together. The pressed pile of wafers is then cured in a clean convection oven. The single panel hot press oven is easier to integrate with automatic lines and works continuously.

Usually, a pair of ITO glasses can make multiple liquid crystal cells. In order to expose the LCD filling port, the glass must be appropriately cut into strips or granules.

The two glass substrates must be cut to the proper size, polished, and washed. Cutting can be done with a diamond saw or scribe while polishing involves a process called lapping, in which the glass is held against a rotating wheel that has abrasive particles embedded in it.

This stage includes filling the liquid crystal into the prepared empty cell and sealing the filling hole so that the liquid crystal cell is basically made. Generally, a special liquid crystal filling machine is used to form a vacuum in the liquid crystal cell, and then the liquid crystal is filled into the LCD cell by the pressure difference and the capillary action of the liquid crystal cell.

Use a sealing material (such as a sealing resin) to block the opening of the filled liquid crystal box. Wipe clean the liquid crystal on the sealing surface of the filled LC liquid crystal box, apply a certain amount of UV sealing glue, and then irradiate it with ultraviolet rays to cause the glue itself to chemically react and interact.Coupling and polymerizationto form a firm seal to prevent the liquid crystal in the screen from leaking to the outside, and also prevent external contaminants from intruding into the liquid crystal in the screen.

Detection Visuallyinspects the appearance and background color of semi-finished LCD products under the polarized light table and picks out the unqualified products.

The electrical testis to check the display graphics, electrical and functional defects, and other appearance defects of the LCD screen under the power-on state.

This is the most important point in LCD manufacturing, where silkscreens are used for printing. High-resolution silkscreens have more than 130 meshes per cm, enabling them to print lines with a width down to 50µm. The layer thickness is in the range of 10µm normally, which is regarded as a “thick” layer in LCD manufacturing.

For creating the image, the mesh is coated by a photosensitive emulsion, which is exposed using a mask, made from a glass or polymer film. The unexposed portion of the coating is washed off afterward. This portion lets the seal material go through and you have its pattern on the substrate.

Adhesive force enhancement. This surface improvement is used for various materials like plastics, metals, and inorganic compounds. It can be used for many applications e.g before like aquarium tank sealing, sticking or mounting plastic parts or rubbers, before attachment of aluminum foils in micro condensers, mounting of magnetic heads, semiconductor lead frames, etc.

Coating property enhancement. This effect is used for mudguards, fender frames, and airbags in cars, propulsion coils for superconductive linear motor cars, outdoor structures for power facilities, etc.

In addition to custom LCD displays, we provide custom PCB assemblies and turnkey solutions for products that feature a Displaytech LCD. As a display manufacturer, our engineering and production staff are experienced in handling the design and manufacturing of printed circuit board assemblies for front panels, rack mount equipment, handheld devices and many other products.

Displaytech, a SEACOMP division, is a reliable LCD display manufacturer providing displays for many of today"s products. Founded in 1989, Displaytech offers over 25 years of supplying displays. Since then, our LCD product offerings have expanded dramatically as well as our manufacturing capabilities. Our team is highly-experienced in designing, engineering, and manufacturing electronic products that feature an embedded LCD display. The Displaytech brand was acquired by SEACOMP in 2012.

Our customer base ranges from small to large companies including many Tier 1 multinational corporations. Our displays are found in a variety of products such as consumer white-goods, industrial controls, connected home automation, medical devices, and more.

Displaytech is also an Authorized Microchip Design Partner and Graphics Design Partner Specialist. We offer exceptional hardware and software engineering expertise focused on Microchip PIC24 and PIC32 microcontrollers. All of our development tools are built with Microchip compatibility in mind. Displaytech is capable of providing anything from simple technical support to complex product design for LCD based embedded devices.

Purchase Displaytech products by contacting us directly for large volume orders through this website. We also have online distribution channels through Arrow, Digi-Key, Mouser, and RS Components. In addition, we have global distributors and reps that sell our LCD products.

To create an LCD, you take two pieces ofpolarized glass. A special polymer that creates microscopic grooves in the surface is rubbed on the side of the glass that does not have the polarizing film on it. The grooves must be in the same direction as the polarizing film. You then add a coating of nematic liquid crystals to one of the filters. The grooves will cause the first layer of molecules to align with the filter"s orientation. Then add the second piece of glass with the polarizing film at a right angle to the first piece. Each successive layer of TN molecules will gradually twist until the uppermost layer is at a 90-degree angle to the bottom, matching the polarized glass filters.

As light strikes the first filter, it is polarized. The molecules in each layer then guide the light they receive to the next layer. As the light passes through the liquid crystal layers, the molecules also change the light"s plane of vibration to match their own angle. When the light reaches the far side of the liquid crystal substance, it vibrates at the same angle as the final layer of molecules. If the final layer is matched up with the second polarized glass filter, then the light will pass through.

If we apply an electric charge to liquid crystal molecules, they untwist. When they straighten out, they change the angle of the light passing through them so that it no longer matches the angle of the top polarizing filter. Consequently, no light can pass through that area of the LCD, which makes that area darker than the surrounding areas.

Building a simple LCD is easier than you think. Your start with the sandwich of glass and liquid crystals described above and add two transparent electrodes to it. For example, imagine that you want to create the simplest possible LCD with just a single rectangular electrode on it. The layers would look like this:

The LCD needed to do this job is very basic. It has a mirror (A) in back, which makes it reflective. Then, we add a piece of glass (B) with a polarizing film on the bottom side, and a common electrode plane (C) made of indium-tin oxide on top. A common electrode plane covers the entire area of the LCD. Above that is the layer of liquid crystal substance (D). Next comes another piece of glass (E) with an electrode in the shape of the rectangle on the bottom and, on top, another polarizing film (F), at a right angle to the first one.

The electrode is hooked up to a power source like a battery. When there is no current, light entering through the front of the LCD will simply hit the mirror and bounce right back out. But when the battery supplies current to the electrodes, the liquid crystals between the common-plane electrode and the electrode shaped like a rectangle untwist and block the light in that region from passing through. That makes the LCD show the rectangle as a black area.

Our company specializes in developing solutions that arerenowned across the globe and meet expectations of the most demanding customers. Orient Display can boast incredibly fast order processing - usually it takes us only 4-5 weeks to produce LCD panels and we do our best to deliver your custom display modules, touch screens or TFT and IPS LCD displays within 5-8 weeks. Thanks to being in the business for such a noteworthy period of time, experts working at our display store have gained valuable experience in the automotive, appliances, industrial, marine, medical and consumer electronics industries. We’ve been able to create top-notch, specialized factories that allow us to manufacture quality custom display solutions at attractive prices. Our products comply with standards such as ISO 9001, ISO 14001, QC 080000, ISO/TS 16949 and PPM Process Control. All of this makes us the finest display manufacturer in the market.

Without a shadow of a doubt, Orient Display stands out from other custom display manufacturers. Why? Because we employ 3600 specialists, includingmore than 720 engineers that constantly research available solutions in order to refine strategies that allow us to keep up with the latest technologiesand manufacture the finest displays showing our innovative and creative approach. We continuously strive to improve our skills and stay up to date with the changing world of displays so that we can provide our customers with supreme, cutting-edge solutions that make their lives easier and more enjoyable.

Customer service is another element we are particularly proud of. To facilitate the pre-production and product development process, thousands of standard solutions are stored in our warehouses. This ensures efficient order realization which is a recipe to win the hearts of customers who chose Orient Display. We always go to great lengths to respond to any inquiries and questions in less than 24 hours which proves that we treat buyers with due respect.

Choosing services offered by Orient Display equals a fair, side-by-side cooperation between the customer and our specialists. In each and every project, we strive to develop the most appropriate concepts and prototypes that allow us to seamlessly deliver satisfactory end-products. Forget about irritating employee turnover - with us, you will always work with a prepared expert informed about your needs.

In a nutshell, Orient Display means 18% of global market share for automotive touch screen displays, emphasis on innovation, flexibility and customer satisfaction.Don"t wait and see for yourself that the game is worth the candle!

Liquid-crystal display (LCD) was invented in 1964 at RCA Laboratories in Princeton, NJ. In 1970, twisted-nematic (TN) mode of operation was discovered, which gave LCD the first commercial success. The LCD manufacturers supplied small-size displays to portable products such as digital watches and pocket calculators. In 1988, Sharp Corporation demonstrated a 14-in. active-matrix full-color full-motion display using a TFT (thin-film-transistor) array. Observing this, Japan launched a true LCD industry. Large-size displays were first supplied to personal computers and then to television receivers. In the second half of 1990s, the industry has moved to Korea and Taiwan.

The most basic LCD introduced above is called passive matrix LCDs which can be found mostly in low end or simple applications like, calculators, utility meters, early time digital watches, alarm clocks etc.  Passive matrix LCDs have a lot of limitations, like the narrow viewing angle, slow response speed, dim, but it is great for power consumption.

In order to improve upon the drawbacks, scientists and engineers developed active matrix LCD technology.  The most widely used is TFT (Thin Film Transistor) LCD technology.  Based on TFT LCD, even more modern LCD technologies are developed. The best known is IPS (In Plane Switching) LCD.  It has super wide viewing angle, superior image picture quality, fast response, great contrast, less burn-in defects etc.

IPS LCDs are widely used in LCD monitors, LCD TVs, Iphone, pads etc. Samsung even revolutionized the LED backlighting to be QLED (quantum dot) to switch off LEDs wherever light is not needed to produce deeper blacks.

– Twisted Nematic Display:  The TN (Twisted Nematic) LCDs production can be done most frequently and used different kinds of displays all over the industries. These displays are most frequently used by gamers as they are cheap & have quick response time as compared with other displays. The main disadvantage of these displays is that they have low quality as well as partial contrast ratios, viewing angles & reproduction of color. But, these devices are sufficient for daily operations.

– In-Plane Switching Display:IPS displays are considered to be the best LCD because they provide good image quality, higher viewing angles, vibrant color precision & difference. These displays are mostly used by graphic designers & in some other applications, LCDs need the maximum potential standards for the reproduction of image & color.

– Vertical Alignment Panel: The vertical alignment (VA) panels drop anywhere in the center among Twisted Nematic and in-plane switching panel technology. These panels have the best viewing angles as well as color reproduction with higher quality features as compared with TN type displays. These panels have a low response time. But, these are much more reasonable and appropriate for daily use.

– The structure of this panel generates deeper blacks as well as better colors as compared with the twisted nematic display. And several crystal alignments can permit for better viewing angles as compared with TN type displays. These displays arrive with a tradeoff because they are expensive as compared with other displays. And also they have slow response times & low refresh rates.

– Advanced Fringe Field Switching (AFFS):  AFFS LCDs offer the best performance & a wide range of color reproduction as compared with IPS displays. The applications of AFFS are very advanced because they can reduce the distortion of color without compromising on the broad viewing angle. Usually, this display is used in highly advanced as well as professional surroundings like in the viable airplane cockpits.

– Passive and Active Matrix Displays: The Passive-matrix type LCDs works with a simple grid so that charge can be supplied to a specific pixel on the LCD. One glass layer gives columns whereas the other one gives rows that are designed by using a clear conductive material like indium-tin-oxide. The passive-matrix system has major drawbacks particularly response time is slow & inaccurate voltage control. The response time of the display mainly refers to the capability of the display to refresh the displayed image.

– Active-matrix type LCDs mainly depend on TFT (thin-film transistors). These transistors are small switching transistors as well as capacitors which are placed within a matrix over a glass substrate. When the proper row is activated then a charge can be transmitted down the exact column so that a specific pixel can be addressed, because all of the additional rows that the column intersects are switched OFF, simply the capacitor next to the designated pixel gets a charge.

LCD technologies have great advantages of light, thin, low power consumption which made wall TVs, laptops, smartphones, pad possible. On its way to progress, it wiped out the competition of many display technologies. We don’t see CRT monitors on our desks and plasma displays TV at our home anymore. LCD Technologies dominant the display market now. But any technology has the limitations.

LCD technologies have slow response times especially at low temperature, limited viewing angles, backlighting is needed. Focus on LCD drawbacks, OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) technology was developed. Some high-end TV and mobile phones start to use AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diodes) displays.

This cutting-edge technology provides even better color reproduction, clear image quality, better color gamut, less power consumption when compared to LCD technology. Please note, OLED displays include AMOLED and PMOLED (Passive Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diodes). What you need to choose is AMOLED for your TV and mobile phones instead of PMOLED.

The cutting-edge G10 production line is a result of cutting-edge technology. To consistently manufacture LCD panels using the G10 glass substrates, each individual manufacturing process incorporates a range of unique know-how. Developed in collaboration with several world-leading production equipment manufacturers, SDP"s large-scale, one-of-a-kind manufacturing equipment delivers state-of-the-art accuracy and performance levels. One example is the photolithography machine, which is about the size of a tennis court. Our master-craftsmen operate and monitor this machine with the utmost care, to manufacture next-generation products.

In this process, the entire G10 glass substrate is covered with various types of film, such as the circuitry that forms the TFT* (thin-film transistor). There are numerous, extremely large pieces of equipment that produce uniform layers across the entire glass substrate—for example, a sputtering machine that deposits a metallic film, and a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) system that deposits an insulation film and a semiconductor film using the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method.

In the design of the substrate, photolithography is used to form circuits and wiring. First, a coater system is used to apply photosensitive material—called “photoresist”—rapidly and uniformly across the entire glass substrate. Next, using a photolithography machine, the glass substrate is irradiated with ultraviolet light, transferring onto it a high-precision TFT pattern via a mask. A developing system uses developer fluid to dissolve and remove the photoresist previously applied using the photolithography machine, and only the resist that forms the TFT pattern remains.

In the etching process, portions not covered by resist are removed to form the transistor circuits. There are two kinds of etching machines: a dry etching machine that uses corrosive gas to decompose and remove the insulation film and semiconductor film; and a wet etching machine that uses a liquid chemical to dissolve the metal film. After etching, a resist stripping machine is used to remove the photoresist.

This technology utilizes liquid crystal fluid to rotate light from passing through polarizing films. The simplistic structure allows for usage of ambient light reflection or in conjunction with a backlight for low-light situations.

TFT is an LCD Technology which adds a thin-film transistor at each pixel to supply common voltages to all elements. This voltage improves video content frame rates. Displays are predominantly utilizing color filter layers and white LED backlighting.

IPS TFT is a deviation of a traditional TN TFT Display. The most fundamental difference is that light is not rotated in plane and passing through polarizer films, but instead perpendicular to shutter the light. This approach to the technology improves contrast and enables symmetrical viewing angles from all directions.

OLED Displays are emissive displays and do not utilize liquid crystal. Each pixel is emissive with light. Passive OLED displays multiplex power and logic through the IC. Active OLED displays add a transistor at each pixel to supply power directly to the pixels and the IC only performs logical functions.

For over 20 years we"ve been helping clients worldwide by designing, developing, & manufacturing custom LCD displays, screens, and panels across all industries.

Newhaven Display has extensive experience manufacturing a wide array of digital display products, including TFT, IPS, character displays, graphic displays, LCD modules, COG displays, and LCD panels. Along with these products, we specialize in creating high-quality and affordable custom LCD solutions. While our focus is on high-quality LCD products, we also have a variety of graphic and character OLED displays we manufacture.

As a longtime leader in LCD manufacturing, producing top-quality LCD modules and panels is our highest priority. At Newhaven Display, we’re also incredibly proud to uphold our reputation as a trusted and friendly custom LCD manufacturing company.

As a custom LCD manufacturing company, we ensure complete control of our custom displays" reliability by providing the industry"s highest quality standards. Our design, development, production, and quality engineers work closely to help our clients bring their products to life with a fully custom display solution.

Our excellent in-house support sets Newhaven Display apart from other display manufacturers. Modifications in the customization process are completed at our Illinois facility, allowing us to provide an exceptionally fast turnaround time.

Customer support requests sent by phone, email, or on our support forum will typically receive a response within 24 hours. For custom LCD project inquiries, our response time can take a few days or weeks, depending on the complexity of your display customization requirements. With different production facilities and a robust supply chain, we are able to deliver thefastest turnaround times for display customizations.

We work hard to ensure that personalized support is available and highly reliable. Our extended support center is available through our website, including example codes, IC datasheets, font tables, engineering changes, a video library, and answers to frequently asked questions. You can visit our knowledge center and community forum, where you can find answers, browse topics, and talk to other engineers in the display and electronics field.

Our excellent in-house support and custom display modifications set Newhaven Display apart from other LCD display manufacturers. From TFTs, IPS, sunlight readable displays, HDMI modules, EVE2 modules, to COG, character, and graphic LCDs, our modifications in the customization process are completed at our Illinois facility, allowing us to provide quality and fast turnaround times.

As a display manufacturer, distributor, and wholesaler, we are able to deliver the best quality displays at the best prices. Design, manufacturing, and product assembly are completed at our headquarters in Elgin, Illinois. Newhaven Display International ensures the best quality LCD products in the industry in this newly expanded facility with a renovated production and manufacturing space.

With assembly facilities in the US, manufacturing facilities in China, and distribution channels worldwide, we pride ourselves on delivering high-quality custom display solutions quickly to locations worldwide.

Since 2001 we’ve provided product development, engineering design services, and turn-key solutions for all industries. Work with our engineers to develop the ideal display for your unique application.

For more than 20 years, Newhaven Display International has provided custom display solutions worldwide across various industries including medical, agriculture, industrial, handheld, audio/video, automotive, consumer, appliance, security, casino, military, energy, POS, test & measurement, and telecom.

Our US-based engineering staff works together to help you prototype, design, test, build, and manufacture your custom display solution to perfectly fit your application and make your product a success. Keep in mind that minimum order quantities (MOQ) and NRE may apply depending on your custom solution request.

Adjust length, position, and pinout of your cables or add additional connectors. Get a cable solution designed to make your connections streamlined and secure.

Enhance your user experience with capacitive or resistive touchscreen technology. We’ll adjust the glass thickness or shape of the touch panel so it’s a perfect fit for your design.

Easily modify any connectors on your display to meet your application’s requirements. Soldering for pin headers, boxed headers, right angles headers, and any other connectors which your display may require.

Choose from a wide selection of changes including shape, size, pinout, and component layout of your PCB to make it a perfect fit for your application.

Equip your display with a custom cut cover glass to improve durability. Choose from a variety of cover glass thicknesses and get optical bonding to protect against moisture and debris.

Custom backlight configurations can be made with voltage/input current, brightness or colors/NVIS. Perhaps it is just changing the assembly type from array to side LEDs.

We have complete control over our display products" design, manufacturing, and quality control processes. Our USA based Engineers will work with you on a prototype to validate and test your design.

Cable Customization Touchscreen Add-Ons Interface Customization Connector Customization PCB Modifications Cover Glass Additions Mounting Add-Ons Custom Backlight Keypads

Except the available standard LCD/TFT/OLED display products, Winstar provides tailor made displays. The extensive portfolio makes it possible to create tailor-made solutions for customers to fit their application. We have the advanced display technologies available to use in your design and if there is anything you want to change about one of our existing LCD/TFT/OLED displays, we can make it happen. With more than 23 years experience, our sales and engineering team will be with you through the entire development process and will ensure the semi or fully customization a successful display tailored made to the individual application.

Our LCD/TFT/OLED custom design solutions are available in different options according to customer requirements. Winstar can offer various options on backlight type, pin and connector, cable, resistive touch screen (RTP) and projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen or anti-reflective or anti-glare coating, or custom cover lens, ZIF PPC or customized PCB board or a fully custom solution for your product application, as well as System Integrated Solution.

It’s not uncommon for OEMs to have unique requirements to meet their products specifications. Because PDI focuses exclusively with OEMs to supply mid-volume standard, custom and semi-custom LCD displays, we are able work directly with select customers to provide LCD product solutions.

New Vision Display is a custom LCD display manufacturer serving OEMs across diverse markets. One of the things that sets us apart from other LCD screen manufacturers is the diversity of products and customizations we offer. Our LCD portfolio ranges from low-cost monochrome LCDs to high-resolution, high-brightness color TFT LCDs – and pretty much everything in between. We also have extensive experience integrating LCD screen displays into complete assemblies with touch and cover lens.

Sunlight readable, ultra-low power, bistable (“paper-like”) LCDs. Automotive grade, wide operating/storage temperatures, and wide viewing angles. Low tooling costs.

Among the many advantages of working with NVD as your LCD screen manufacturer is the extensive technical expertise of our engineering team. From concept to product, our sales and technical staff provide expert recommendations and attentive support to ensure the right solution for your project.

In addition, our extensive technology portfolio and manufacturing capabilities enable us to deliver high-quality products that meet the unique specifications of any application. To learn more about what makes us the display manufacturer for your needs, get in touch with us today.

As a leading LCD panel manufacturer, NVD manufactures custom LCD display solutions for a variety of end-user applications: Medical devices, industrial equipment, household appliances, consumer electronics, and many others. Our state-of-the-art LCD factories are equipped to build custom LCDs for optimal performance in even the most challenging environments. Whether your product will be used in the great outdoors or a hospital operating room, we can build the right custom LCD solution for your needs. Learn more about the markets we serve below.

Ready to get started or learn more about how we can help your business? Call us at +1-855-848-1332 or fill out the form below and a company representative will be in touch within 1 business day.

Distributor of LED displays including liquid crystal (LCD) displays and electronic system displays. Available in different types and specifications. Capabilities include inventory management, supply chain management, in-plant warehousing, automated inventory replenishment, barcoding and labeling. LED displays can be used in defense, aerospace, industrial, commercial, healthcare, medical, computer and test equipment industry applications. Lamps and lighting devices are also available. Services include design engineering, quick-turn prototyping, contract and custom manufacturing, box build, in-circuit and functional testing and assembly services. KANBAN and JIT delivery services are available.