retina display vs tft lcd made in china

New Delhi: The technology used in mobile displays in the modern day smartphones has progressed significantly. In the era of touchscreen  smartphones, the display technology has become one of its primary selling points, and certainly its most unique feature. Not only we want the touch screens to offer crisp text, vibrant images, blur-free video and enough brightness, we want them at low cost too.

For instance, HTC One uses Super LCD3 tech, in its 4.7in screen which gives a resolution of 1920 x 1080 pixels, with pixel density of 469 pixels per inch (ppi). This results in super display in terms of crispness and colour reproduction. HTC says the SLCD technology gives the phone better power management, improved viewing angles and is easier to produce.

The Thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT LCD) technology is the most common display technology used in mobile phones. A variant of liquid crystal display (LCD), the technology uses TFT technology to enhance image quality. It offers better image quality and higher resolutions as compared to earlier generation LCD displays.

IPS LCD Stands for In Plane Switching liquid Crystal Display. This technology offers better display quality as compared to the TFT-LCD display. The good part about IPS LCD is that it offers better viewing angles and consumes less power. Due to higher costs, it is found only on high-end smartphones. Apple uses a high resolution (640x960 pixels) version of IPS LCD in its iPhone 4, which is also called Retina Display.

Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display technology is much better as compared to the LCD display technology because of its excellent colour reproduction, faster response times, wider viewing angles, higher brightness and extremely light weight designs.

OLEDs are brighter than LEDs and do not require backlighting like LCDs. Since OLEDs do not require backlighting, they consume much less power than LCDs.

Since these display forms are easier to produce, they can be made to larger sizes. Because OLEDs are essentially plastics, they can be made into large, thin sheets.

AMOLED screens have all the attributes of an OLED display like excellent colour reproduction, faster response times, wider viewing angles, higher brightness and extremely light weight designs.

Super AMOLED display technology is an advanced version of AMOLED display. Samsung uses this term for the AMOLED panels that they develop. Super AMOLED  screens are built with capacitive touch sensors on the display itself. Super AMOLED display is much more responsive than an AMOLED display. Samsung top-of-the-line Galaxy SII comes engineered with Super AMOLED display technology. Samsung has already took it"s SMOLED screen to next levels by developing Super AMOLED+, HD Super AMOLED+ and FHD Super AMOLED+ screens.

It is a name given by Apple to the high-resolution screen technology introduced on the iPhone 4 in June 2010. Something is a Retina Display when it offers a density of pixels above 163 pixels per inch. The company calls it the Retina display because its pixels cannot be individually identified by a human eye, thus rendering a super sharp display, more crisp text and more clear pictures.

Retina Display is designed to smooth the jagged edges of pixels are provide a higher-quality image than previously available on mobile devices. Apple claims that its resolution is so good that it makes it impossible for the human eye to distinguish individual pixels. Its effects shows up in text, images and videos.

Color boost is simply Moto"s marketing term for their new display. Although it now uses LCD displays, the company fine-tuned its panels to match the saturation of OLED displays while maintaining the higher performance of LCD. It"s somewhere in the middle ground.

IPS (In-Plane Switching) lcd is still a type of TFT LCD, IPS TFT is also called SFT LCD (supper fine tft ),different to regular tft in TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, theIPS LCD liquid crystal elements inside the tft lcd cell, they are arrayed in plane inside the lcd cell when power off, so the light can not transmit it via theIPS lcdwhen power off, When power on, the liquid crystal elements inside the IPS tft would switch in a small angle, then the light would go through the IPS lcd display, then the display on since light go through the IPS display, the switching angle is related to the input power, the switch angle is related to the input power value of IPS LCD, the more switch angle, the more light would transmit the IPS LCD, we call it negative display mode.

The regular tft lcd, it is a-si TN (Twisted Nematic) tft lcd, its liquid crystal elements are arrayed in vertical type, the light could transmit the regularTFT LCDwhen power off. When power on, the liquid crystal twist in some angle, then it block the light transmit the tft lcd, then make the display elements display on by this way, the liquid crystal twist angle is also related to the input power, the more twist angle, the more light would be blocked by the tft lcd, it is tft lcd working mode.

A TFT lcd display is vivid and colorful than a common monochrome lcd display. TFT refreshes more quickly response than a monochrome LCD display and shows motion more smoothly. TFT displays use more electricity in driving than monochrome LCD screens, so they not only cost more in the first place, but they are also more expensive to drive tft lcd screen.The two most common types of TFT LCDs are IPS and TN displays.

Among all the parts of a mobile phone, what we concern the most is phone screen. Sometimes the display of the screen is the main condition that determines whether we buy or not. Therefore, when we buy a mobile phone, the screen display technology will be preferred element as the purchase of the phone.Below, I will bring you a complete knowledge point of screen display technology, let"s learn about it together!

TFT screens are still the most commonly used material on mobile phone screens. From technically, "active matrix", the method is to use thin film technology to make transistor electrodes, and use the scanning method to "actively pull" to control the on and off of any display point. Through the lower polarizer, the light is transmitted upwards, and the light is transmitted through the liquid crystal molecules, and the purpose of display is achieved by shading and transmitting light.

IPS (In-Plane Switching, In-Plane Switching) technology is a liquid crystal panel technology launched by Hitachi in 2001, commonly known as "Super TFT". From the name, we can also see that in fact, the IPS screen is a technology based on TFT, and its essence is still a TFT screen.

Super AMOLED is also known as super-dazzling screen. Compared with the laminated design of display layer + touch sensing layer + overcoat glass layer used in AMOLED, the new technology makes the display layer, touch sensing layer and overcoat glass layer of Super AMOLED seamless. Fitted together, it makes the Super AMOLED panel thinner, multi-touch more sensitive and easy to use, and further improved in contrast, color reproduction, and visibility.

SLCD is a high-end derivative of LCD. SLCD is a complete splicing display unit, which can be used as a display alone or spliced into a large screen. According to different needs, it can realize single-screen split display, single-screen separate display, any combination display, full-screen splicing, vertical screen display, optional compensation or cover for image frame, and real-time processing of full HD signals.

ASV technology originated from Sharp Corporation. The difference from other screen technologies is that ASV technology is a technology used to improve image quality, mainly by reducing the spacing between particles on the liquid crystal panel and increasing the aperture on the liquid crystal particles, and adjust the arrangement of liquid crystal particles as a whole to reduce the reflection of the LCD TV and increase the brightness, viewing angle and contrast.

Retina Display technology ,splits one pixel into four pixels to display, increasing the pixel density by 4 times to 326ppi. Because its resolution has exceeded the limit of what the human eyes can be seen, it is also named Retina Display. In addition to the ultra-high pixel density, displays with Retina Display technology also feature high contrast ratios, which are four times higher than other LCD displays.

Mobile Bravia Engine is a display enhancement technology,that works by performing a series of optimizations on the signal in the process of converting data into an image, improving contrast and sharpness, increasing color saturation, reducing noise, and improving image edges and Details are repaired, etc., and then presented on the screen.

The screen of an ordinary mobile phone is generally composed of a cover plate, a non-integrated sensor, a display screen, and a fuselage. Among them, the sensor is composed of two components: a sensor and a transmitter. These two components are jointly responsible for processing the generated when the finger presses the screen. of static electricity.

The components of the ultra-sensitive touch screen are composed of three parts, the cover plate, the integrated sensor (the sensor and the display are integrated together) and the body. Integrated sensors not only bring touch sensitivity improvements, but also allow the phone to consume less power when providing the same lighting (integrated sensors absorb much less light than non-integrated sensors), the integration of the sensor also allows ultra-sensitive touchscreens. The thickness is a full 1 mm thinner than a normal touch screen.

TFT stands for thin-film transistor and is used with LCD to improve image quality over older digital display technologies. Each pixel on a TFT LCD has its own transistor on the glass itself, which offers greater control over the images and colors that it renders.

TFT is also an abbreviation for other technical terms including time from transmission, text fix test, Trinitron flat tube, and trivial file transfer protocol.

Since the transistors in a TFT LCD screen are so small, the technology offers the added benefit of requiring less power. However, while TFT LCDs can deliver sharp images, they also tend to offer relatively poor viewing angles. The result is that TFT LCDs look best when viewed head-on, but viewing images from the side is often difficult.

TFT LCDs are found on low-end smartphones as well as basic cell phones. The technology is also used on TVs, handheld video game systems, computer monitors, and GPS navigation systems.

All the pixels on a TFT screen are configured in a row-and-column format, and each pixel is attached to an amorphous silicon transistor that rests directly on the glass panel. This allows each pixel to be given a charge and for the charge to be kept even when the screen is refreshed to produce a new image.

With this type of setup, the state of a particular pixel is being actively maintained even while other pixels are being used. This is why TFT LCDs are considered active matrix displays (as opposed to a passive matrix displays).

Lots of smartphone manufacturers use IPS-LCD (Super LCD), which provides wider viewing angles and richer colors, but newer phones feature displays that utilize OLED or Super-AMOLED technology. For example, Samsung"s flagship smartphones boast OLED panels, while most of Apple"s iPhones and iPads come equipped with an IPS-LCD. Super LCD and Super-AMOLED have their own pros and cons, but they both far exceed the capabilities of TFT LCD technology.

In recent years, smartphone displays have developed far more acronyms than ever before with each different one featuring a different kind of technology. AMOLED, LCD, LED, IPS, TFT, PLS, LTPS, LTPO...the list continues to grow.

As if the different available technologies weren"t enough, component and smartphone manufacturers adopt more and more glorified names like "Super Retina XDR" and "Dynamic AMOLED", which end up increasing the potential for confusion among consumers. So let"s take a look at some of these terms used in smartphone specification sheets and decipher them.

There are many display types used in smartphones: LCD, OLED, AMOLED, Super AMOLED, TFT, IPS and a few others that are less frequently found on smartphones nowadays, like TFT-LCD. One of the most frequently found on mid-to-high range phones now is IPS-LCD. But what do these all mean?

LCD means Liquid Crystal Display, and its name refers to the array of liquid crystals illuminated by a backlight, and their ubiquity and relatively low cost make them a popular choice for smartphones and many other devices.

LCDs also tend to perform quite well in direct sunlight, as the entire display is illuminated from behind, but does suffer from potentially less accurate colour representation than displays that don"t require a backlight.

Within smartphones, you have both TFT and IPS displays. TFT stands for Thin Film Transistor, an advanced version of LCD that uses an active matrix (like the AM in AMOLED). Active matrix means that each pixel is attached to a transistor and capacitor individually.

The main advantage of TFT is its relatively low production cost and increased contrast when compared to traditional LCDs. The disadvantage of TFT LCDs is higher energy demands than some other LCDs, less impressive viewing angles and colour reproduction. It"s for these reasons, and falling costs of alternative options, that TFTs are not commonly used in smartphones anymore.Affiliate offer

IPS technology (In-Plane Switching) solves the problem that the first generation of LCD displays experience, which adopts the TN (Twisted Nematic) technique: where colour distortion occurs when you view the display from the side - an effect that continues to crop up on cheaper smartphones and tablets.

The PLS (Plane to Line Switching) standard uses an acronym that is very similar to that of IPS, and is it any wonder that its basic operation is also similar in nature? The technology, developed by Samsung Display, has the same characteristics as IPS displays - good colour reproduction and viewing angles, but a lower contrast level compared to OLED and LCD/VA displays.

According to Samsung Display, PLS panels have a lower production cost, higher brightness rates, and even superior viewing angles when compared to their rival, LG Display"s IPS panels. Ultimately, whether a PLS or IPS panel is used, it boils down to the choice of the component supplier.

This is a very common question after "LED" TVs were launched, with the short answer simply being LCD. The technology used in a LED display is liquid crystal, the difference being LEDs generating the backlight.

One of the highlights from TV makers at the CES 2021 tradeshow, mini-LED technology seemed far removed from mobile devices until Apple announced the 2021 iPad Pro. As the name implies, the technique is based on the miniaturization of the LEDs that form the backlight of the screen — which still uses an LCD panel.

Despite the improvement in terms of contrast (and potentially brightness) over traditional LCD/LED displays, LCD/mini-LEDs still divide the screen into brightness zones — over 2,500 in the case of the iPad and 2021 "QNED" TVs from LG — compared to dozens or hundreds of zones in previous-generation FALD (full-array local dimming) displays, on which the LEDs are behind the LCD panel instead of the edges.

AMOLED stands for Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode. While this may sound complicated it actually isn"t. We already encountered the active matrix in TFT LCD technology, and OLED is simply a term for another thin-film display technology.

OLED is an organic material that, as the name implies, emits light when a current is passed through it. As opposed to LCD panels, which are back-lit, OLED displays are "always off" unless the individual pixels are electrified.

This means that OLED displays have much purer blacks and consume less energy when black or darker colours are displayed on-screen. However, lighter-coloured themes on AMOLED screens use considerably more power than an LCD using the same theme. OLED screens are also more expensive to produce than LCDs.

Because the black pixels are "off" in an OLED display, the contrast ratios are also higher compared to LCD screens. AMOLED displays have a very fast refresh rate too, but on the downside are not quite as visible in direct sunlight as backlit LCDs. Screen burn-in and diode degradation (because they are organic) are other factors to consider.Affiliate offer

OLED stands for Organic Light Emitting Diode. An OLED display is comprised of thin sheets of electroluminescent material, the main benefit of which is they produce their own light, and so don"t require a backlight, cutting down on energy requirements. OLED displays are more commonly referred to as AMOLED displays when used on smartphones or TVs.

Super AMOLED is the name given by Samsung to its displays that used to only be found in high-end models but have now trickled down to more modestly specced devices. Like IPS LCDs, Super AMOLED improves upon the basic AMOLED premise by integrating the touch response layer into the display itself, rather than as an extra layer on top.

As a result, Super AMOLED displays handle sunlight better than AMOLED displays and also require less power. As the name implies, Super AMOLED is simply a better version of AMOLED. It"s not all just marketing bluster either: Samsung"s displays are regularly reviewed as some of the best around.

The technology debuted with the obscure Royole FlexPai, equipped with an OLED panel supplied by China"s BOE, and was then used in the Huawei Mate X (pictured above) and the Motorola Razr (2019), where both also sport BOE"s panel - and the Galaxy Flip and Fold lines, using the component supplied by Samsung Display.Affiliate offer

Resolution describes the number of individual pixels (or points) displayed on the screen and is usually presented for phones by the number of horizontal pixels — vertical when referring to TVs and monitors. More pixels on the same display allow for more detailed images and clearer text.

To make it easier to compare different models, brands usually adopt the same naming scheme made popular by the TV market with terms like HD, FullHD and UltraHD. But with phones adopting a wide range of different screen proportions, just knowing that is not enough to know the total pixels displayed on the screen.Common phone resolutions

But resolution in itself is not a good measure for image clarity, for that we need to consider the display size, resulting in the pixel density by area measured by DPI/PPI (dots/points per inch).Affiliate offer

Speaking of pixel density, this was one of Apple"s highlights back in 2010 during the launch of the iPhone 4. The company christened the LCD screen (LED, TFT, and IPS) used in the smartphone as "Retina Display", thanks to the high resolution of the panel used (960 by 640 pixels back then) in its 3.5-inch display.

The name coined by Apple"s marketing department is applied to screens which, according to the company, the human eye is unable to discern the individual pixels from a normal viewing distance. In the case of iPhones, the term was applied to displays with a pixel density that is greater than 300 ppi (dots per inch).

With the iPhone 11 Pro, another term was introduced to the equation: "Super Retina XDR". Still using an OLED panel (that is supplied by Samsung Display or LG Display), the smartphone brings even higher specs in terms of contrast - with a 2,000,000:1 ratio and brightness level of 1,200 nits, which have been specially optimized for displaying content in HDR format.

As a kind of consolation prize for iPhone XR and iPhone 11 buyers, who continued relying on LCD panels, Apple classified the display used in the smartphones with a new term, "Liquid Retina". This was later applied also to the iPad Pro and iPad Air models, with the name defining screens that boast a high range and colour accuracy, at least based on the company"s standards.

Nit, or candela per square meter in the international system (cd/m²), is a unit of measurement of luminance, i.e. the intensity of light emitted. In the case of smartphone screens and monitors in general, such a value defines just how bright the display is - the higher the value, the more intense the light emitted by the screen.

The result is smoother animations on the phone, both during regular use and in games, compared to screens that have a 60 Hz refresh rate which remains the standard rate in the market when it comes to displays.

Originally touted to be a "gimmick" in 2017, with the launch of the Razer Phone, the feature gained more and more momentum in due time, even with a corresponding decrease in battery life. In order to make the most of this feature, manufacturers began to adopt screens with variable refresh rates, which can be adjusted according to the content displayed - which is 24 fps in most movies, 30 or 60 fps in home video recordings, and so forth.

TFT(Thin Film Transistor) - a type of LCD display that adopts a thin semiconductor layer deposited on the panel, which allows for active control of the colour intensity in each pixel, featuring a similar concept as that of active-matrix (AM) used in AMOLED displays. It is used in TN, IPS/PLS, VA/PVA/MVA panels, etc.

LTPS(Low Temperature PolySilicon) - a variation of the TFT that offers higher resolutions and lower power consumption compared to traditional TFT screens, based on a-Si (amorphous silicon) technology.

IGZO(Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide) - a semiconductor material used in TFT films, which also allows higher resolutions and lower power consumption, and sees action in different types of LCD screens (TN, IPS, VA) and OLED displays

LTPO(Low Temperature Polycrystaline Oxide) - a technology developed by Apple that can be used in both OLED and LCD displays, as it combines LTPS and IGZO techniques. The result? Lower power consumption. It has been used in the Apple Watch 4 and the Galaxy S21 Ultra.

LTPO allows the display to adjust its refresh rate, adapting dynamically to the content shown. Scrolling pages can trigger the fastest mode for a fluid viewing, while displaying a static image allows the phone to use a lower refresh rate, saving the battery.

Among televisions, the long-standing featured technology has always been miniLED - which consists of increasing the number of lighting zones in the backlight while still using an LCD panel. There are whispers going around that smartphones and smartwatches will be looking at incorporating microLED technology in their devices soon, with it being radically different from LCD/LED displays as it sports similar image characteristics to that of OLEDs.

A microLED display has one light-emitting diode for each subpixel of the screen - usually a set of red, green, and blue diodes for each dot. Chances are it will use a kind of inorganic material such as gallium nitride (GaN).

By adopting a self-emitting light technology, microLED displays do not require the use of a backlight, with each pixel being "turned off" individually. The result is impressive: your eyes see the same level of contrast as OLED displays, without suffering from the risk of image retention or burn-in of organic diodes.

Another thing to be wary of is the price - at 170 million Korean won (about US$150,330 after conversion), that is certainly a lot of money to cough up for a 110-inch display.

In addition, the organic diodes that give OLED screens their name can lose their ability to change their properties over time, and this happens when the same image is displayed for a long period of time. This problem is known as "burn-in", tends to manifest itself when higher brightness settings are applied for long periods of time.

In the case of LCD displays, the main advantage lies in the low manufacturing cost, with dozens of players in the market offering competitive pricing and a high production volume. Some brands have taken advantage of this feature to prioritize certain features - such as a higher refresh rate - instead of adopting an OLED panel, such as the Xiaomi Mi 10T.

When you purchase Smartphones, you may notice after the resolution specs; the Mobile manufacturers mention the type of Display like LCD, OLED, AMOLED, sAMOLED, and Retina Display. Xiaomi, Realme, and most of the Chinese smartphone manufacturers using LCD Displays in their mid-range and Budget variants. They are using OLED displays in their flagship smartphones and Samsung using AMOLED and sAMOLED Displays. Apple uses a Retina Display. In previous days, there are only two displays available in the market, and they are called LCD and LED. That’s all. After the technology is improvising, we have to deal with a lot of terms. What are these displays? Which one is better? I try my best to explain simply in the below article. If we dive into components, it will make this guide further complicated to understand the Displays.

You may have been trying to understand the actual meaning of the different display technologies used to design smartphones these days. From an LCD screen, we moved to OLED, and now AMOLED is the bleeding-edge display used for making premium TVs and smartphones. In this article, we explained the differences between LCD, OLED, and AMOLED displays; these display technologies are unique in different aspects. Before going further in this post, you should know that LCD technology is older than OLED and AMOLED; thus, you should expect the later to come with the best features, as well as advantages.

LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display, and it is the most common display technology used for smartphones, smart displays, some IoT devices, and televisions. The LCD technology features a unique backlight which it uses to display an image on your device screen. While you can see clearly through LCD screens, the display is reduced when compared to AMOLED. LCD Displays are probably used in Mid-range and budget Smartphones to reduce the production cost. Xiaomi uses LCD Displays to make cost-effective phones. Compare with TV LCD. Mobile LCD is not that much worse.

Advantages of LCDMost budget smartphones come with LCD because it is cheaper to affordLCDs have low flicker rates and are quite easy to disposeYou can use an LCD for any electronic gadget or device that is battery-poweredUnlike CRT displays, an LCD is not affected by magnetic fieldsLCDs can still save up battery is backlight is reduced

Disadvantages of LCDDue to backlighting, an LCD will consume more electricityDevices with an LCD tend to heat up when used some long timeWhen you view an LCD screen from different angles, the color and contrast aren’t stableImagery appear flatLCDs consume more battery

LED is what’s used to design this display technology; LED is an organic material that emits light once it receives current. Unlike LCD, We don’t need a backlight on this display. The Screen consists of a lot of small particles; when they received the current, they emit brightness and color. So, the particles that do not receive the present will always be in rest. So, that OLED Displays give more battery time compare with LCD on smartphones.

AMOLED is a type of OLED display; You can notice most of the Samsung mobiles comes with AMOLED and sAMOLED displays. However, it comes with more flexible display options. AMOLED is a step forward to OLED, and there are no many differences between the two display technologies. Well, AMOLED stands for Active Matrix Light Emitting Diode; it is the latest display technology used on most recent televisions and smartphones.

Interestingly, AMOLED poses to be the best display technology used previously. In AMOLED display tech, each LED functions individually; thus, each LED producing light for itself. Compare with regular OLED, AMOLED has TFT film instead of the glass, So, It gives more flexibility. Thus it can be used in folding phones like Samsung Galaxy Fold and Moto RAZR.

Furthermore, this display technology features a TFT chip inside; TFT stands for Thin Film Transistor; this tech helps to straighten and alleviate the process of transmitting current to the right pixel. TFT tech is one of the main reasons, while AMOLED display is used for most premium big screen devices at the moment.

Now we’ve known pretty much about LCD, OLED, and AMOLED displays; let’s discuss their features in detail, as well as compare the differences between these technologies.

Did you know? Samsung is not only a smartphone maker, but they are a component of suppliers also. Most of the other mobile manufacturers purchase displays from Samsung. Due to they are large manufacturers in this industry, they can provide a wide range of phones with the best display even in mid-range phones like “A series” and “M series.”

sAMOLED is a particular type of AMOLED that is invented by Samsung. Where there is no separate touch display. It is integrated on the top of the screen. Also, the sAMOLED screen features a wide variety of colors and color clarity.

Retina Display is a regular OLED/LCD Displays. But, To identify it is as a unique display, Apple calling its screen by this unique name. There is no difference between other types and this Retina Display. But, Apple’s best display selection and color settings make it the best display among smartphones.

Advantages of OLED/AMOLED displayOLED displays are stable when viewed from different anglesOLED and AMOLED displays are perfect for gamers because they come with faster refresh ratesThis type of screens can be used on any smartphone, irrespective of the screen sizeAMOLED is also used in making smart TVs and other premium TVs we use these daysOLED is lighter than LCD and does not use the backlighting method; instead, OLED/AMOLED used (organic/active matrix) LEDs.Both OLED and AMOLED display are verified to save more battery than LCDsAMOLED is used on slim devices because it doesn’t need a backlighting source as LCD does

Disadvantages of OLED/AMOLED displayDevices or gadgets with AMOLED/OLED display are costly because this type(s) of the screen is quite expensive to affordLCDs are brighter than OLED and AMOLEDOLED and AMOLED have shorter life-span compared to LCDVariation in colors

LCD uses a dedicated backlight from a source beneath the screen; OLED uses LED to display, while AMOLED comes with more features to add up to what OLED has to offer.

There are some advantages of using either of these display technologies on a device or television. If you have noticed, most high-end Android smartphones and Tablets come with AMOLED display instead of LCD;. However, most mid-range and low-budget smartphones come with LCD. So, that AMOLED/OLED is expensive to use on mid-range smartphones.

Other than components differences, In general, these displays have the following differences;LCD is cheaper, OLED is expensive, AMOLED, and sAMOLED is the most costly display.OLED and AMOLED tend to be battery-friendly, while LCD consumes more battery because of backlighting.Images on an LCD will be brighter than images on an OLED or AMOLED display when viewed in an outdoor environment; this is because you can increase or decrease the backlight of an LCD, but that’s not possible on OLED and AMOLED displays.LCD consists of more layers than OLED and AMOLED displays; thus, devices with AMOLED or OLED display may be slimmer/flatter than devices than LCD.AMOLED is brighter than OLED.OLED is brighter than LCD.

Best Display does not only depend on its types. The Color profile and optimization made significant parts of the best screen. That’s why Samsung Display is always brighter and has the best color differences. Many of the manufacturers try to beat Samsung, But, they have a special place in the Display industry.

The chances of buying a budget smartphone with AMOLED display are minimal; what you will likely get is an LCD. It’s not as if an LCD isn’t a good one; we are trying to show the differences between the most common screen display technologies used in making smartphones. iPhone devices come with LCD;. However, the company started using OLED from its iPhone X model, though it codenamed the screen as Super Retina and Super Retina XDR.

AMOLED display will outperform LCD; more, especially when battery and refresh rate are among the primary considerations. In general, LCDs are good, OLED is better, and AMOLED is best. When you buy new phones, you should consider this thing also.

Global production capacity for large-size TFT LCD panels (9-inch and above) is expected to grow only 3.4% in 2013, which represents the lowest growth rate ever for the industry, while Taiwan-based makers" production capacity for large-size panels is expected to rise by 3.2% on year in 2013.

China-based panel makers are expected to bump up their overall global proportion of large-size TFT LCD panel production capacity to 12.4% 2013, which may jump up even higher to 13.7% in 2014 due to an additional 8.5G line BOE has invested in Hefei, China. That plant is expected to start mass production by the first quarter of 2014.

On the demand side, Digitimes Research expects the average size of LCD TV panels to see a significant increase in 2013, with the average size at 38.8-inch, up from 36.6-inch in 2012. The 2.2-inch increase in 2013 contrasts the approximate 1-inch growth seen annually from 2007-2011.

Global large-size TFT LCD panel demand is expected to increase by 11.2%, which will cause demand for LCD TV panels in particular to be tight during the hot selling seasons. Also, because PC demand is decreasing, panel makers are taking a conservative stance on their notebook and monitor panel development strategy in 2013 and are focusing more on tablet panel production.

Digitimes Research estimates that in 2013 China-based panel makers will continue to have an upper hand in the 32-inch LCD TV panel market in China, and they will expand their product offerings by providing new panel sizes such as 28- and 46-inch.

Samsung Display"s revenues from AMOLED panels will increase by 25% on year in 2013 and its AMOLED panel profit margin will be stable at approximately 18-20%. The company will also continue developing 5-inch and above AMOELD panels that have Full HD resolution.

China"s first 8.5-generation TFT-LCD production line was launched in Bengbu, East China"s Anhui province, on June 18, 2019, representing a breakthrough in the production of high-definition LCD screen, Science and Technology Daily reported.

TFT-LCD, or Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display, is key strategic material of the electronic information display industry. The Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD production line, launched by the Bengbu Glass Industry Design and Research Institute of the China National Building Material Group, will produce high-definition LCD screens of 55 inches, the report said.

According to the Liquid Crystal Branch of the China Optics and Optoelectronics Manufactures Association, the demand for TFT-LCD in the Chinese mainland was about 260 million square meters in 2018, including 233 million square meters" Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD. However, the annual supply of domestically made TFT-LCD is less than 40 million square meters, with all of them Gen 6 or below, which cannot meet the demand in scale and quantity.

The association predicted that China"s market demand for Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD or above will exceed 300 million square meters by 2020, accounting for 49.6 percent of the total global demand.

The production and control precision of Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD is comparable to that of the semiconductor industry, representing a higher level of large-scale manufacturing of modern glass industry.

The institute in Bengbu, with 60 years of expertise in glass, has finally made a breakthrough in the production of Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD, and will provide key raw material guarantee for China"s LCD panel industry after it goes into mass production in September, the report said.

When you buy a smartphone and while reading the specifications of the phone, you often do not pay attention to the type of phone screen. Screen types abbreviations can be a bit confusing and most people don’t usually take them into consideration due to their ignorance. Don’t worry now we will give you everything you need to know about the main types of screens which are LCD, OLED and AMOLED.

Previously, there were only two main types in the smartphone industry, LCD and LED. But with the advancement in technology, many other types such as OLED, AMOLED, sAMOLED, and Retina have appeared. LCD screens are used in most mid-range phones from Xiaomi, Realme and other Chinese manufacturers and OLED in their top-end devices. Samsung uses AMOLED and sAMOLED displays, while Apple uses Retina displays. Let us discuss each of these types one by one.

LCD (abbreviation for Liquid Crystal Display). The oldest type of screen, it relied on backlighting as the only light source to illuminate the pixels. Also, LCD screens are brighter than most other types of screens, which makes them suitable for use in smartphones in bright sunlight. However, these screens suffer from less accurate colors. Smartphones use two main types of LCD screens:

TFTstands for Thin Film Transistor. TFT monitors are an advanced version of LCD monitors. While TFT has a relatively lower production cost and provides better image quality than previous generations of LCD monitors, it has higher power consumption, lower viewing angles and lower color representation.

IPSstands for In-Plane Switching. It is an improved version of TFT. Availability Provides better viewing angles and color representation by utilizing more powerful backlighting. It consumes less power than TFT, but its cost is higher overall.

OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode). The presence of this type is the main reason for the emergence of curved displays and foldable smartphones. Unlike LCD screens, which use backlighting, OLED screens do not require this because they contain a layer of organic matter that emits light when exposed to an electric current. OLED displays display more saturated and vibrant colors. Because of the luminance per pixel, OLED displays provide darker levels of black. Because the pixels that don’t get caught are in a sleep state, OLED screens usually use less power and give better battery life. These screens are of two main types:

AMOLEDstands for Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode. Similar to an OLED screen but has Thin Film Transistors (TFT) on the back panel. This ensures faster and more precise control as it can turn on or off any pixel individually, and it also has a storage capacitor which eliminates screen size limitations and provides the possibility of a larger screen. We will explain AMOLED screens in more detail due to their great popularity.

AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode). Improved OLED screens. The most important component of these displays is the TFT element that controls the flow in each pixel. With two TFTs per pixel, one to start and one to stop charging the storage capacitors this allows each LED to operate individually and generate light for itself. Due to its great flexibility it can be used in foldable phones.

You may have seen the term sAMOLED or Super AMOLED. These monitors were invented by Samsung and are available in their high-end models. This type provides a variety of colors with greater clarity. Super AMOLED displays can handle sunlight better than other AMOLED displays, while consuming less power.

Each of the above types of screens has its own advantages and disadvantages. In general, AMOLED is superior to LCD screens. Our primary comparison criteria are higher refresh rates, better color representation, and battery consumption. As for OLED versus AMOLED, we already mentioned that AMOLED is an improved version of OLED as it offers better image quality to battery consumption. Due to their low usability under sunlight, Super AMOLED screens are the best choices.

In the end, it all boils down to your needs and budget. If you’re on a tight budget, an LCD monitor isn’t a bad deal. But if your budget is good, you should definitely opt for the newer AMOLED screen especially for TVs.

The shift to high pixel density displays, which started with smartphones and tablets, has spread to the world of PC display monitors. 4K displays for PCs hit the shelves in 2014, and an understanding of pixel density has become important for selecting products, along with screen size and resolution. Our theme this time is the shift to high pixel density displays, including trends in the latest technology.

Looking at the market trends in LCD monitors for PCs, in the latter half of the 2000s, the transition from square to wide screens took off all at once, and currently, the trend has been towards larger screens and higher resolutions.

As of 2014, the best selling LCD is the 23" model supporting 1920 x 1080 pixel (full HD) display, but 4K displays that boast of four times that resolution are on rapid rise, and there is a new trend of converting to high resolution (increasing pixel density) without enlarging the screen size

Note: This is a translation from Japanese of the ITmedia article "ITmedia LCD Monitor Course III: Confused about HiDPI and Retina display? Understanding pixel density, an essential element in choosing displays in the age of 4K" published on December 11, 2014. Copyright 2014 ITmedia Inc. All Rights Reserved.

4K displays for current PCs are primarily UHD 4K resolution like 4K televisions. However, there are a few products out there that have adopted the DCI 4K standard, such as the ColorEdge CG318-4K color management monitor for video production to be released by EIZO in the spring of 2015.

4K is a high resolution with twice the vertical and horizontal pixel count of full HD and refers to resolutions featuring a horizontal pixel count of around 4 million. The photograph is of EIZO"s ColorEdge CG318-4K. It supports 4096 x 2160 pixel/approx. 17:9 display, which surpasses the 3840 x 2160 pixel/16:9 (UHD 4K) display often used in 4K displays for PCs. Note the difference in horizontal resolution.

At the same time, the 4K display environment is still in a transition period, so there are several things that should be noted, the first of which is the refresh rate issue.

The only interface for 4K displays currently on the market that is capable of 4K 60 Hz display is DisplayPort 1.2, which has a 21.6 Gbps bandwidth. That’s because 4K 60 Hz transmission requires a bandwidth of 16 Gbps (3840 x 2160 pixel, 32-bit color, 60 Hz). This is well above the bandwidth supported by DisplayPort 1.1 (10.8 Gbps), HDMI 1.4a (10.2 Gbps) and DVI Dual Link (7.4 Gbps). For that reason it should be noted that currently, when connected via DVI-D or HDMI, 4K display only works at 30 Hz.

However, as far as HDMI goes, the bandwidth of the new HDMI 2.0 standard (HDMI 2.0 Level A) has been expanded to 18 Gbps, and new displays capable of 4K 60 Hz display with HDMI 2.0 input have been announced. As the video output components of PCs (GPU) and other devices begin supporting HDMI 2.0, the situation will gradually improve.

From left to right: DVI-D, HDMI and DisplayPort video input terminals. 4K 60 Hz display requires connection via DisplayPort 1.2. Dual Link DVI-D and the current HDMI 1.4a only support 4K display at 30 Hz.

If the display is connected via DisplayPort 1.2, the setting can be changed to 4K 60 Hz display in the OS settings. The above image shows the setting for 4K 60 Hz with EIZO"s FlexScan EV3237 31.5" 4K display.

The HDMI 2.0 Level B standard is capable of transmitting 4K 60Hz signals over the HDMI 1.4 transmission bandwidth, but the color depth is YUV 4:2:0, and colors bleed, so it is not suited to displays. We’ll have to wait for the spread of HDMI 2.0 Level A for proper 4K 60Hz display via HDMI.

Moreover, there are cases where the 60 Hz transmission system of the 4K display creates problems even if DisplayPort 1.2 is used. Although not widely known, there are two transmission systems used to support 60 Hz display with the currently available 4K displays, namely MST (Multi Stream Transport) and SST (Single Stream Transport).

In the MST system, the OS recognizes 4K as a two-screen 1920 x 2160 pixel display, so a GPU driver is required to combine the output onto one screen. Depending on the version of the GPU and driver used, there were problems such as with the rendering timing on the left and right sides of the screen or not working in a multi-display environment.

The reason the video signal is purposefully split into two screens for transmission is that the supply of display scalers (video processing chips) that can transmit 4K 60 Hz as a single screen was behind the supply of 4K LCD panels. For that reason, there was no other choice but for the early 4K displays to adopt the MST system.

In contrast, the SST (Single Stream Transport) system can transmit 4K resolution as a single screen, so it is capable of 4K 60 Hz display without internal image synthesis or other processes. It does not have problems resulting from splitting the signal into two screens like MST, but there are some devices with DisplayPort 1.2 that have graphics cards that do not support SST, so the card should be checked at the time of purchase to see if it supports SST. Incidentally, EIZO"s FlexScan EV3237 31.5" 4K display has adopted the SST system.

These kinds of compatibility issues will likely be solved in the not-so-distant future as 4K displays become more popular and support improves on the GPU and driver side. Of course, these limitations only apply to 4K display at 60 Hz, so if you"re satisfied with 30Hz, the current HDMI 1.4a and DVI Dual Link are fully capable of 4K display.

The shift to high resolution displays does not stop with 4K. 27" displays (5120 x 2880 pixel/16:9) that support 5K are already being commercialized. The question is what will the very high resolution of 5K be used for, but there is the advantage that tool bars and other elements can be placed on the screen while displaying 4K content with video editing software.

However, the current DisplayPort 1.2 does not support 5K output, so it should be noted that as of right now 5K displays require special configuration to send video signals via two cables. Although not yet commercialized, the new DisplayPort 1.3 standard announced in September 2014 supports 5K (5120 x 2880 pixel) 60 Hz display and simultaneous two-screen UHD 4K display via daisy chain. Once PCs (GPUs) with DisplayPort 1.3 support hit the shelves, 5K 60 Hz signal output will be possible with a single cable.

DisplayPort 1.3 makes 5K (5120 x 2880 pixel) 60 Hz display possible with a single cable.  *Source: Presentation by VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association), which is the standardization body for PC graphics-related devices.

What"s more, the world of 8K to follow 4K and 5K is almost here. According to an announcement by the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, 8K test broadcasts will begin in 2016 and regular broadcasts in 2018. 8K (7680 x 4320 pixel/16:9) compatible display test models have appeared at video-related exhibitions and events, and the move towards ever higher resolution and higher definition will continue at a rapid pace.

As the resolution of displays grows increasingly higher, a new element to consider when choosing a display today is pixel density. Pixel density in displays is a spec indicating the degree of definition, and the value is usually expressed in ppi. Ppi stands for "pixes per inch" (not per square inch). An inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters.

Reducing the distance between pixels (pixel pitch) without changing the screen size of the LCD increases the ppi, and the higher this number, the higher the definition of the display. For example, at 100 ppi, there are 100 pixels per 2.54 centimeters, and at 300 ppi, there are 300 pixels packed within the same width.

Today there is a trend of rapidly rising pixel density. Looking at stand-alone displays, the hot topic of late is super high pixel density displays with high resolution of 4K packed into screen sizes of 24-27 inches. At first, this genre only attracted the attention of some high-end consumers, but low-priced products started hitting the shelves one after another in 2014, so the number of regular users showing an interest has increased.

What people need to know before choosing one of these super high pixel density displays is the new way of thinking concerning resolution that has been brought about by rapid increases in pixel density.

When it comes to PC displays, most products have a pixel density of about 96 ppi to match the display density of 96 dpi (dots per inch) which has been the standard for the Windows desktop UI. The standard for the new Start screen and other aspects of the Modern UI of Windows 8 and later is 135 dpi (automatically switching between 100%, 140% and 180% depending on the pixel density of the display device), but the standard for the desktop UI is still 96 dpi.

As such, up until now, PC displays have been designed based on the assumption that the OS and applications would have a fixed display density (96 ppi for Windows). The 96 dpi standard is behind this assumption, and the screen size increased with the higher resolution of LCD panels (increased pixel counts), so it was safe to simply consider that the higher the resolution (pixel count), the larger the work space.

The higher the pixel density of the display, the higher the definition of the OS and applications, but there was no such thing as a display with such high pixel density that it could not be put to practical use, so it did not lead to any major problems. Depending on how high the pixel density, the icons and fonts would appear larger or smaller, but the definition was sufficient for the users to recognize them.

This is the conventional thinking with regards to LCDs. The screen size increased as the resolution of LCD panels became higher, so choosing a display with a higher resolution meant that the amount of information displayed at once was higher and the work space was larger.

By contrast, when it comes to super high pixel density displays of the 4K class, a higher resolution (pixel count) does not necessarily mean a larger work space. In recent years, the display density (dpi) of the Modern UI, OS and applications in Windows 8 and later is designed to be variable rather than fixed. In other words, even at the same screen size, the display density does not have to be fixed. With the scaling function of the OS, the display can be enlarged smoothly.

The biggest advantage of this is that it enables very high definition display. Say, for example, you took a 24" UHD 4K display and enlarged the display so that the work space was equivalent to 24" full HD. UHD 4K (3840 x 2160 pixels) has twice the vertical and horizontal resolution of full HD (1920 x 1080 pixels), so there will be scaling of 200% for the enlarged display.

A single pixel on the OS display that was conventionally displayed using one pixel on the LCD panel is rendered with four pixels (double the aspect ratio), so combined with the OS-side scaling function, it produces a very fine and smooth display.

EIZO"s FlexScan EV3237 31.5" display supports UHD 4K display. For a large external display, it has high pixel density (approx. 140 ppi) for smooth, very high-definition display. This product has a large 31.5" screen, so it also offers a large work space, but with 23.8" and 28" 4K displays, the display is too fine, so the scaling function of the OS has to be used to enlarge it.

This is the difference in how UHD 4K (left) and full HD (right) appear at the same screen size. The photographs of the icons have been taken at about the same distance from the screen. With UHD 4K (3840 x 2160 pixels), the display is enlarged 200%, and with full HD (1920 x 1080 pixels), the icon is displayed at the same magnification. The size of the icons is roughly the same, but as you can see, the icon is displayed in higher definition with UHD 4K.

It"s difficult to describe, but if you compare the display on smartphones, on which high pixel density display is common, with that of conventional low pixel density PC displays, you"ll be able to see the advantage right away.

Compared to the sharp and smooth display on the smartphone, the display on the PC appears rough, and the pixel grid is visible. Moreover, the diagonal lines may appear jagged, and the rendering of text and icons may have a rough feel. If you use a smartphone or tablet frequently, you might have even felt that something was wrong with the display on your PC.

With the 4K class of super high pixel density displays, the smooth display quality of smartphones can be achieved. And because it"s not on a small screen like that of a smartphone but a precise rendering across the large screen of a PC display, many people are probably surprised at the high picture quality when they actually see it.

Of course, the enlarged display of the full HD-equivalent work space on the 24" 4K display introduced above is only a single example. If you want a large work space even if the icons and text are a little smaller, you just have to lower the magnification. On the other hand, if you want to have a larger display with improved visibility even if the work space is smaller, you just have to increase the magnification. This flexibility is another thing that gives super high pixel density displays an advantage.

This is an example of screen display on the FlexScan EV3237 desktop. At 100% magnification, the 3840 x 2160 pixel UHD 4K resolution can be fully utilized, but the pixel density is around 140 ppi, and the pixel pitch is about 0.18 mm, so it appears quite tiny from the normal viewing distance (left). When magnification is set to 150%, the work space becomes smaller, but the visibility of the text and icons is improved (right).

Nevertheless, it should be remembered that there are practical limitations to lowering the magnification rate for scaling to make a larger work space on a super high pixel density display.

For example, if a small screen size like 24" is selected for a 4K display as described above, the scaling magnification rate has to be raised to ensure visibility. As a result, you can"t have a large work space with respect to the actual resolution. By reducing the distance from which the screen is viewed, it may be visible even if you lower the scaling magnification rate a little. However, if you get too close to the display, your eyes and neck will have to make bigger movements during use, which will increase the burden on your body, so this is not recommended.

Of course, the larger the screen size the more room you"ll have for making adjustments to the work space and scaling magnification rate, so if you"re not sure, choose a super high pixel density display that is slightly larger than your current one, and you should be able to create a comfortable environment without trouble (you"ll need to pay attention to the physical space required by the display, though).

Support for the high pixel density display environment in the PC OS is called HiDPI support. Along with support on the OS side, support by applications is also progressing, and the PC software environment surrounding HiDPI has risen to a practical level. This is boosting the spread of super high pixel density displays like 4K.

As far as the Windows OS goes, the display density has been a modifiable setting since Windows XP, but it would sometimes jumble screen layout, and there were almost no applications that supported it, so it was not a practical feature. The scaling magnification function reached a practical level where the screen layout did not break down as of Windows 7.

Moreover, since Windows 8.1, it is possible to apply different display density settings to different displays when multiple displays are connected, and the sense of incongruity experienced in a multi-screen environment with displays of different pixel densities has been reduced (however, the number of setting levels is limited, so the combination of display densities cannot be elaborately customized).

As for Mac OS X, the spread of high pixel density displays (referred to as "Retina displays" by Apple) was promoted earlier than it was by the Windows camp, so optimization of the OS design with variable display density is further along than it is with Windows. OS X Mavericks 10.9.3 and later support HiDPI display by external displays, so it"s easier to combine high pixel density displays made by other companies.

This is the Windows 8.1 scaling magnification rate settings screen. With a UHD 4K display, if you set it to "Extra large - 200%," the icons and text will be displayed at the same size as a full HD display with the same screen size. You can also adjust the text size of certain elements rather than changing the size of everything on the desktop.

When it comes to applications as well, the Microsoft Office 2013 (Windows)/2011 (Mac) office suite, major web browsers and other applications are starting to support HiDPI one right after another. Image editing software Adobe Photoshop Elements offers support as of Ver.13, and Photoshop CC has provisional support for manually setting 200％, so the foundation for full utilization of high pixel density displays has been laid.

As for hardware, lately GPU already has processing performance that could be called overkill for general use, so even PCs that aren"t especially high performance should be able to handle 4K display (although enjoying 4K games and videos on them is going to be a different story). For reference purposes, the status of GPU support for EIZO"s FlexScan EV3237 31.5" 4K display is summarized in the table below.

This trend of high pixel density becoming mainstream took off all at once when Apple began introducing its Retina displays to its products like the iPhone, iPad and iMac in 2010. These highdensity pixel displays are based on the concept of providing high-definition display that equals or exceeds the pixel densitythat can be distinguished by the retina of the human eye.

Pictured are the iPhone 6 Plus (left) and iPad mini 3 (right) which feature Apple"s Retina display. Even looking closely at the screens, the pixels cannot be distinguished on the high-definition displays.

When it comes to visual devices, looking at the actual display often has more impact than a long description. Following the entrance of the Retina display and its positive reception, various manufacturers introduced smartphones, tablets and PCs with high pixel density displays, so they have spread to regular users.

Of course, products that are higher priced than the rest do not catch on, so the prices are coming down at the same time. The reason this is possible is complex and includes the improvement of LCD panel manufacturing technology, a substantial increase in the number of products adopting high pixel density LCD panels resulting in an environment conducive to economies of scale, and the rise of price competition between products featuring high pixel density LCD panels.

In this way, the software and hardware environments to support HiDPI display were put together, and in response, display manufacturers began aggressively introducing 4K displays, and the momentum of super high pixel density displays has taken off all at once.

The table below summarizes the specifications of high pixel density displays. The pixel densities of PC displays are lower than those of smartphones and tablets, but in the case of PCs, the user views them from a distance of about 50 centimeters, so the high-definition display appears just as smooth. As a rough guide, in the case of external displays for PCs, if the pixel pitch islessthan around 0.2mm, normal use becomes more difficult at normal magnification, so the magnification has to be increased with the scaling setting.

PC displays are currently becoming more and more diverse, including the 4K and HiDPI trends introduced earlier. Let"s summarize the screen size, resolution, pixel density and aspect ratio trends in current PC displays.

Since the latter half of the 2000s, square screens with aspect ratios of 5:4 and 4:3 have been on the decline in the PC display market, while 16:9 and 16:10 wide screens have been on the rise and have become established. At the same time, there has been a transition from 17" and 19" square screens to 23" and 24" wide screens.

There is also an active trend to move towards wide screens of 27" or more in pursuit of even more comfortable environments. That transition is split between those looking for a larger work space choosing 3840 x 2160 pixels (UHD 4K) or 2560 x 1440 pixels (WQHD) and those looking for a display with greater visibility at a lower price choosing 1920 x 1080 pixels (full HD).

In recent years there have also been ultra-wide screen products hitting the shelves featuring even wider screens. These are products with super wide screens featuring aspect ratios of 21:9. They are not suited to those switching from environments with a single regular display, but there is replacement demand from business users that regularly use spreadsheets as well as those coming from side-by-side dual display environments.

At the same time, going in a completely different direction, EIZO plans to launch its 26.5" FlexScan EV2730Q display featuring a square panel with an aspect ratio of 1:1 in spring 2015. It is a truly unique screen size, but it features a high resolution with full HD stretched horizontally to 1920 x 1920 pixels, so there is plenty of vertical and horizontal working space. Considering the large number of users that use two full HD displays side by side, it will be highly versatile.

Today, with the emergence of 4K and other highpixel density displays and the breaking down of the concept that a high resolution (high pixel count) equals a large work space, there is still no change in the fact that screen size has a significant impact on work space. As a rough guide for choosing, comparing to paper sizes provides an easy understanding from the standpoint of work efficiency. The main paper sizes are shown in the table below, so check them against the display area for the above screen sizes.

For example, the 23" full HD displays that are currently mainstream have a display area of around 509mm x 287mm, which holds one A4-sized sheet (297mm x 210mm) and leaves substantial surplus space. This is sufficient for web browsing and simple sp