custom lcd display xyzprinting free sample

You can do verification measurements to assess the display chain"s (display profile - video card and the calibration curves in its gamma table - monitor) fit to the measured data, or to find out about the soft proofing capabilities of the display chain. You can also do a profile or device link (3D LUT) self check without having to take any further measurements by holding the “alt” key on your keyboard.

To check the fit to the measurement data, you have to select a CGATS testchart file containing device values (RGB). The measured values are then compared to the values obtained by feeding the device RGB numbers through the display profile (measured vs expected values). The default verification chart contains 26 patches and can be used, for example, to check if a display needs to be re-profiled. If a RGB testchart with gray patches (R=G=B) is measured, like the default and extended verification charts, you also have the option to evaluate the graybalance through the calibration only, by placing a check in the corresponding box on the report.

To perform a check on the soft proofing capabilities, you have to provide a CGATS reference file containing XYZ or L*a*b* data, or a combination of simulation profile and testchart file, which will be fed through the display profile to lookup corresponding device (RGB) values, and then be sent to the display and measured. Afterwards, the measured values are compared to the original XYZ or L*a*b* values, which can give a hint how suitable (or unsuitable) the display is for softproofing to the colorspace indicated by the reference.

The profile that is to be evaluated can be chosen freely. You can select it in DisplayCAL"s main window under “settings”. The report files generated after the verification measurements are plain HTML with some embedded JavaScript, and are fully self-contained. They also contain the reference and measurement data, which consists of device RGB numbers, original measured XYZ values, and D50-adapted L*a*b* values computed from the XYZ numbers, and which can be examined as plain text directly from the report at the click of a button.

Select the profile you want to evaluate under “Settings” (for evaluating 3D LUTs and DeviceLink profiles, this setting has significance for a Rec. 1886 or custom gamma tone response curve, because they depend on the black level).

There are two sets of default verification charts in different sizes, one for general use and one for Rec. 709 video. The “small” and “extended” versions can be used for a quick to moderate check to see if a display should be re-profiled, or if the used profile/3D LUT is any good to begin with. The “large” and “xl” versions can be used for a more thorough check. Also, you can create your own customized verification charts with the testchart editor.

Checking how well a display can simulate another colorspace (evaluating softproofing capabilities, 3D LUTs, DeviceLink profiles, or native display performance)

Whitepoint simulation. If you are using a reference file that contains device white (100% RGB or 0% CMYK), or if you use a combination of testchart and simulation profile, you can choose if you want whitepoint simulation of the reference or simulation profile, and if so, if you want the whitepoint simulated relative to the display profile whitepoint. To explain the latter option: Let"s assume a reference has a whitepoint that is slightly blueish (compared to D50), and a display profile has a whitepoint that is more blueish (compared to D50). If you do not choose to simulate the reference white relative to the display profile whitepoint, and the display profile"s gamut is large and accurate enough to accomodate the reference white, then that is exactly what you will get. Depending on the adaptation state of your eyes though, it may be reasonable to assume that you are to a large extent adapted to the display profile whitepoint (assuming it is valid for the device), and the simulated whitepoint will look a little yellowish compared to the display profile whitepoint. In this case, choosing to simulate the whitepoint relative to that of the display profile may give you a better visual match e.g. in a softproofing scenario where you compare to a hardcopy proof under a certain illuminant, that is close to but not quite D50, and the display whitepoint has been matched to that illuminant. It will “add” the simulated whitepoint “on top” of the display profile whitepoint, so in our example the simulated whitepoint will be even more blueish than that of the display profile alone.

Using the simulation profile as display profile will override the profile set under “Settings”. Whitepoint simulation does not apply here because color management will not be used and the display device is expected to be in the state described by the simulation profile. This may be accomplished in several ways, for example the display may be calibrated internally or externally, by a 3D LUT or device link profile. If this setting is enabled, a few other options will be available:

Enable 3D LUT (if using the madVR display device/madTPG under Windows, or a Prisma video processor). This allows you to check how well the 3D LUT transforms the simulation colorspace to the display colorspace. Note this setting can not be used together with a DeviceLink profile.

DeviceLink profile. This allows you to check how well the DeviceLink transforms the simulation colorspace to the display colorspace. Note this setting can not be used together with the “Enable 3D LUT” setting.

Tone response curve. If you are evaluating a 3D LUT or DeviceLink profile, choose the same settings here as during 3D LUT/DeviceLink creation (and also make sure the same display profile is set, because it is used to map the blackpoint).

To check a display that does not have an associated profile (e.g. “Untethered”), set the verification tone curve to “Unmodified”. In case you want to verify against a different tone response curve instead, you need to create a synthetic profile for this purpose (“Tools” menu).

This depends on the chart that was measured. The explanation in the first paragraph sums it up pretty well: If you have calibrated and profiled your display, and want to check how well the profile fits a set of measurements (profile accuracy), or if you want to know if your display has drifted and needs to be re-calibrated/re-profiled, you select a chart containing RGB numbers for the verification. Note that directly after profiling, accuracy can be expected to be high if the profile characterizes the display well, which will usually be the case if the display behaviour is not very non-linear, in which case creating a LUT profile instead of a “Curves + matrix” one, or increasing the number of measured patches for LUT profiles, can help.

If you want to know how well your profile can simulate another colorspace (softproofing), select a reference file containing L*a*b* or XYZ values, like one of the Fogra Media Wedge subsets, or a combination of a simulation profile and testchart. Be warned though, only wide-gamut displays will handle a larger offset printing colorspace like FOGRA39 or similar well enough.

Note that both tests are “closed-loop” and will not tell you an “absolute” truth in terms of “color quality” or “color accuracy” as they may not show if your instrument is faulty/measures wrong (a profile created from repeatable wrong measurements will usually still verify well against other wrong measurements from the same instrument if they don"t fluctuate too much) or does not cope with your display well (which is especially true for colorimeters and wide-gamut screens, as such combinations need a correction in hardware or software to obtain accurate results), or if colors on your screen match an actual colored object next to it (like a print). It is perfectly possible to obtain good verification results but the actual visual performance being sub-par. It is always wise to combine such measurements with a test of the actual visual appearance via a “known good” reference, like a print or proof (although it should not be forgotten that those also have tolerances, and illumination also plays a big role when assessing visual results). Keep all that in mind when admiring (or pulling your hair out over) verification results :)

Different softwares use different methods (which are not always disclosed in detail) to compare and evaluate measurements. This section aims to give interested users a better insight how DisplayCAL"s profile verification feature works “under the hood”.

There are currently two slightly different paths depending if a testchart or reference file is used for the verification measurements, as outlined above. In both cases, Argyll"s xicclu utility is run behind the scenes and the values of the testchart or reference file are fed relative colorimetrically (if no whitepoint simualtion is used) or absolute colorimetrically (if whitepoint simulation is used) through the profile that is tested to obtain corresponding L*a*b* (in the case of RGB testcharts) or device RGB numbers (in the case of XYZ or L*a*b* reference files or a combination of simulation profile and testchart). If a combination of simulation profile and testchart is used as reference, the reference L*a*b* values are calculated by feeding the device numbers from the testchart through the simulation profile absolute colorimetrically if whitepoint simulation is enabled (which will be the default if the simulation profile is a printer profile) and relative colorimetrically if whitepoint simulation is disabled (which will be the default if the simulation profile is a display profile, like most RGB working spaces). Then, the original RGB values from the testchart, or the looked up RGB values for a reference are sent to the display through the calibration curves of the profile that is going to be evaluated. A reference white of D50 (ICC default) and complete chromatic adaption of the viewer to the display"s whitepoint is assumed if “simulate whitepoint relative to display profile whitepoint” is used, so the measured XYZ values are adapted to D50 (with the measured whitepoint as source reference white) using the Bradford transform (see Chromatic Adaption on Bruce Lindbloom"s website for the formula and matrix that is used by DisplayCAL) or with the adaption matrix from the profile in the case of profiles with "chad" chromatic adaption tag, and converted to L*a*b*. The L*a*b* values are then compared by the generated dynamic report, with user-selectable critera and ΔE (delta E) formula.

The gray balance “range” uses a combined delta a/delta b absolute deviation (e.g. if max delta a = -0.5 and max delta b = 0.7, the range is 1.2). Because results in the extreme darks can be problematic due to lack of instrument accuracy and other effects like a black point which has a different chromaticity than the whitepoint, the gray balance check in DisplayCAL only takes into account gray patches with a minimum measured luminance of 1% (i.e. if the white luminance = 120 cd/m², then only patches with at least 1.2 cd/m² will be taken into account).

If you enable “Use absolute values” on a report, the chromatic adaptation to D50 is undone (but the refrence white for the XYZ to L*a*b* conversion stays D50). This mode is useful when checking softproofing results using a CMYK simulation profile, and will be automatically enabled if you used whitepoint simulation during verification setup without enabling whitepoint simulation relative to the profile whitepoint (true absolute colorimetric mode). If you enable “Use display profile whitepoint as reference white”, then the reference white used for the XYZ to L*a*b* conversion will be that of the display profile, which is useful when verifying video calibrations where the target is usually some standard color space like Rec. 709 with a D65 equivalent whitepoint.

I got a Da Vinci 1.0 pro this week and i successfully finished 2 demo prints and 1 own print. So ich still using the original yellow xyzprinting ABS filament.

I could use some help. I have a pro and needed to change the nozzle up by the filament feeder. I got it fixed. but while I was dismantling the printer to get to the nozzle, I dislodged the sticky pad sensor from the top door sensor, and now it just displays top door open, close top door on the readout. It still prints, but you can"t get an idea of what percentage is completed, time and etc. on the display panel. If anyone has a good photo of where I am supposed to attach the wired sticky pad, I would be forever in their debt.

The card supplied by XYZprinting has a thickness of 0.69mm (or 0.0275 inches) while a Lexar card I have laying around here measures 0.74mm (or 0.029 inches).

today i received the new sensor from xyzprinting and i installed it but still the same problem so i rechecked the 3 pin wires and its working too so now i can say i cant understand anything and am really pissed of this shity printer

Hi, I"m stuck and I am really hoping someone on here can help me out. I have owned my da Vinci 1.0 AiO 3d printer for about 6 months and it worked perfectly until when I was printing a model airplane propeller and it came unstuck from the printing platform and got jammed up into the long skinny belt that moves the print head left to right causing the belt"s little black plastic tensioning device to shatter ripping out the little white nylon belt return pulley leaving the belt hanging down. I contacted XYZprinting right away on their website and ended up having a very bad experience with them because I am in Canada and they told me they won"t ship warranty parts there for free and they don"t accept visa credit cards or paypal for payment and demanded I send them $50 dollars for shipping by ways of a bank wire transfer. I called my bank and they told me there was a $57.00 service charge for this. This is when I got really upset when I realized that even though my printer failed under warranty I was going to have to pay XYZprinting $107.00 for a little black plastic part the size of a sugar cube! I ended up being lucky because a machinist buddy of mine took my broken pieces and used them as a guide to make me a perfect fitting aluminum replacement and I got my printer back together.

I´m having an error on temperature readings. The display shows 67 when I´m sure it´s 37. It goes on an infinite loop of not printing because it stays forever heating.

Brian, I know you have a good relationship with XYZprinting. Do you think they would require shipping the printer back to try to fix this problem? Or do you think they could help solve it remotely? It sounds like a mainboard problem.

Because I told in public (YouTube) what I didn"t like about my printer, XYZPrinting in the Netherlands was threatening to sue me. The fun part was that while this was happening, XYZPrinting in Korea gave me a huge amount of filament and so on because the liked the way I was helping people who had bought the printer.

i"m pretty disappointed with XYZprinting support myself, the straight push fitting on the inside of the carriage broke, twisting the piece of angled PFTE plastic inside, making the feeder gears slip and pushing the filament out of the carriage from the top, So I called customer support and whoever answered was very confused but advised me to start a support ticket online, So I did but now they take too long to respond and are generally not helpful, you"re usually better off buying aftermarket parts from a third party, now in the case of a faulty motherboard, let"s just wait and see, please keep us posted @Midncoco.

Thanks Brian, but I"ve actually order them already, I just kept going with the support ticket because we are supposed to have a warranty and customer support, fortunately in my case I can buy the parts, but, what if it was the mainboard or some other critical component only they have like the cartridge PCB? I"ll follow up on my request as I think everyone should, otherwise they should tell you the printers are sold AS IS too keep the cost down.

I do not know which model of da Vinci printer you have, but I suggest you familiarize yourself with the options available via the printer"s LCD display. If your printer is similar to my da Vinci 1.0 Pro there should be a UTILITIES menu with a JOG MODE option that will allow you to move the X, Y or Z axis using the arrow buttons on the printer. The printer may refuse to move one or more of the axes if you have not first used the HOME AXES utility -- this is because if the printer has not recently homed the axes then it doesn"t know how far it can move without exceeding its limits.

I just got my da vinci 1.0 pro yesterday. It came with xyzprinting kapton tape. No uhu glue. I ran the sample part and it stuck like crazy just to the kapton. And idea what I can try? I heard purple aqua net hairspray. But does that go on the aluminum or on the tape. I"m brand new to this. This was that best thread online. Hope you guys have some suggestions.

Guys, On request of XYZPrinting, I made them a few video"s on the problems described in this thread. As an answer, they made and uploaded a few video"s on their channel to answer what we can do to solve the problems.

I currently have a Cube3D 2nd Gen that I replaced the motherboard with a RAMPS board; the extruder with a hexagon extruder; and modified marlin software to run on it. It wa quite successful, albeit with PLA only due to no heated bed (I did do some ABS prints, but I could not control the warping... so I bought a Da Vinci. I toyed with getting the 1.0 or the 2.0, and flashing with repetier, but this Pro caught my eye. I have only had it a few days, and so my comments may have been premature. As I was used to using Simplify3D, the XYZPrinting software was a bit of a shock to me. Now that the new iMac version is out, it seems more usable. I am currently testing gcode created in Simplify3D, at 50mm/s, so much faster that std. I will post my results.

Yes. Unfortunately the printer I am wrangling has the LCD screen showing the two solid black bars permanently. The lights are on on the motherboard but there does not appear to be anyone home. I am keen to hear if anyone else has any suggestions for fixing this. Here is what i have done so far.

Okay, I just managed to slice a hollow 20mm calibration cube stl I found on here with slic3r and changed the heading to the above. It"s printing now and seems to be making the cube as expected, but the LCD never changes from the "Initializing" screen. Am I missing a code that tells the printer to switch over to that monitor mode? Also, it doesn"t print the two strips on the side of the bed to get the nozzle flow started. Are those also lines of gcode that the XYZ slicer adds to the start of the job?

If you work with Slic3r, you won"t get normal info on your printer LCD. Also, the stripes on the side of your print bed are generated bij de XYZWare slicer and will therefore not be available in any other slicer.

The header that displays the temperature and time information is in nobber"s post from the 29th. From what I gather, the "time left" portion is still not correct. I suspect that the printer is using the layers information (layer height, number of layers) from the header to figure out the time left, so I think a possible solution might be to figure out a way (if possible) to get slic3r to provide the number of layers so that calculation can correctly be made.

I never did but I did have a tall print stop n say it was done before, this is a hack job, so weird stuff will happen, I changed the height way higher and it worked fine so yeah give it a try n see what happens... also doing this you loose the display on the printer so u don"t know how long till its done and you cant cancel, you have to flip the power switch

Yea. My design is going to be bolt in. No firmware changes or rigging it to work. Just drill two 4mm holes and bolt it all back together and plug it in. Then when simplified3d releases support for the xyz pro in their next update (I already use simplified3d on my prusa i3) it will be the XYZPrinting DaVinci PRO 2.0 Baker Edition. And with all the extra room and weight loss on the X&Y carriage print speeds will be doubled with the addition of a print cooling fan.

Well i called the webshop i used and they said i need to contact XYZprinting in the Netherlands(country i live). I called them and they did see i already made a support ticket and they will look into it. They will call me back today. I hope it is easy to fix.

I"m seriously thinking about removing the entire extruder and using an MK8 extruder with a custom carriage. I DO NOT like that the Da Vinci pushes filament into a tube. This is the first printer I"ve had that does this, and it"s not a good design at all.

That"s what I am doing, too... instead of machining a custom bracket for the filament tube. I have all of the body panels off of my machine, and I"m making several upgrades while I"ve got it opened up. On my machine, several of the small metal gripper teeth inside the push-in connector got bent (and/or broke off completely), so the tube was free to slip out of the connector when there was too much force inside the tube. (And you"re right... that can only happen when filament is jammed at the extruder end.) I also bought some new PTFE tube along with the connectors, so I"m hoping that both are of better quality than what came with the machine.

Called the support of XYZPrinting and they told me to switch off the printer and press and hold the up and down button while switching back on. The printer then starts in it"s bootloader. After that I could again update my firmware to 1.1.2

I called XYZprinting (took me about 10 tickets, and 20 calls till they finally answered). They basically said, you are under warranty still, so pack it up and send it back.

If your are going with a SLA or DLP printer that uses resin, then you can choose the quality of liquid resin you need based on what you’re making. Standard resin is a good option for small gadgets like pencil holders. Professional resin is best for engineering applications that will see high impact and high usage. Medical-grade resin is often used for making custom dental work or hearing aids.

Navigating the LCD menu is done by a single control element: a rotational knob that you press to confirm a selection. In addition, you have a Reset button which will reset the printer if pushed. The main LCD screen also displays some other information about your printer"s current state.

The inspector on the right displays all of the controls or properties for the currently selected tool. You can adjust settings and animate them over time using the keyframe buttons. The cut, edit, Fusion and Fairlight inspectors are similar and all work the same way.

You can access the spline (or curve) and keyframe editors by clicking on their buttons at the top of the Fusion page. These panels give you advanced controls for creating and manipulating custom animation curves, as well as for positioning keyframes across time.

Text can be designed in either 2D or 3D. For 2D text, drag a Text+ node into the node tree and type your text to get started. You’ll find advanced yet familiar text controls in the inspector for font, size, alignment, spacing, kerning, leading and more. Click on the shading tab to stylize text with gradient or video fills, outlines, drop shadows and glows. Adding a Text 3D node gives you similar formatting controls along with 3D extrusion, custom beveled edges and more. To add textures, surface properties and reflections, just connect a replace material node to the text 3D node. You’ll find controls in the inspector to animate entire blocks of text, lines, words or even individual characters!

Particles can be used to create realistic atmospheric effects like fire, rain or smoke, or fantastic swirling glowing bits for use in motion graphics and broadcast design. You can create particle systems from any type of image. To create particles, you need to add both a particle emitter and a particle renderer to your node tree. Click the particle emitter and open the inspector to customize and start animating your particles. There are more than a dozen particle specific nodes that can be inserted between the emitter and renderer to simulate gravity, friction, turbulence, bounce and more. Best of all, particles work in 3D so you can make them flow around and bounce off other elements in the scene!

The Fusion page features hundreds of advanced feature rich tools for creating photorealistic visual effects, powerful broadcast graphics and sophisticated title animations. Unleash your imagination with an infinite 3D workspace, transport characters to new worlds with 3D set extensions, or build custom templates that can be used right from the edit and cut pages for efficient broadcast workflows. Best of all, Fusion’s powerful spline based keyframe editor and expressions let you create incredibly smooth and sophisticated animations. There"s even built in scripting and automation. There really is no limit to what you can achieve with Fusion, and it’s right inside of DaVinci Resolve!

Fusion’s sophisticated lighting tools let you add truly realistic lighting effects to your 3D scenes. You can add an unlimited number of customizable light sources such as ambient lights, directional spot lights and point lights. Directional spot lights can cast shadows. Color, angle, intensity, falloff and other lighting parameters can be adjusted and animated over time. You can even control how elements within a 3D scene react to lighting as well as define which objects cast shadows and reflections. To see the effects of your lights in the 3D viewers, click on the lighting button at the top of your viewer and don’t forget to enable lighting when you’re ready to render the final shot!

The Spline Editor, which can be opened by clicking on its icon at the top right, gives you incredible control over curves that control the speed, or rate of change, in an animation. You can change the speed between keyframes using linear or fully customizable bezier and b-spline curves. The spline editor features a strip at the bottom with tools to reverse, loop or ping pong animations, making it faster and easier to create keyframe animations. You can even squish and stretch keyframes to shorten or lengthen animations without changing the relative motion! Curve shapes can be copied and pasted between parameters, independent of values, so you can create consistent, perfectly timed animations.

Quickly create dynamic animations by linking parameters together with modifiers and expressions. When one parameter changes, the others will automatically follow based on how you’ve customized their relationship to each other. For example, when working with text, you can add a special "follower" modifier that lets you create sequential text animations line by line, word by word, or even character by character. You can then add an expression that adjusts the blur parameter as character positions change over time. This allows you to quickly create sophisticated and dynamic animations in which multiple parameters change at the same time, all without having to manually animate each setting!

Rotoscoping is a technique used in visual effects compositing to cut characters or elements out of a scene so you can seamlessly place them in another. Fusion’s masking tools let you perform advanced rotoscoping with bezier and B‑spline shapes. You can track masks with the planar or 2D trackers, set custom feathering per point for precise blending, and use keyboard shortcuts to quickly manipulate shapes in the viewer to help you work faster. Masks and roto shapes can all be animated to morph as characters and objects change in a scene. This level of control lets you create feature film quality VFX composites. You can even send masks back to the color page to perform isolated corrections.

Lower third titles, animated background generators and custom transition templates can all be created in Fusion and added to the effects library on the edit page so they can be used in any project. When you build a template, you decide which controls will appear on the edit page. Templates are created by selecting nodes in a composition, right clicking and choosing "create macro" from the pop up menu. Simply check the parameters you want to expose, enter a custom name and save it. Templates are great for brand consistency. With pre‑built custom templates, editors don’t have to wait for designers to render titles, and motion graphic artists don’t have to worry about editors changing their designs!

Deep pixel compositing uses 3D metadata stored in a 2D file to speed up the process of compositing elements such as actors, other 3D objects, volumetric effects or anything else in a scene. Instead of being a simple flat image, every single pixel has a 3D x, y and z coordinate. When you render a 2D EXR image out of a 3D application you get RGBA (red, green, blue and transparency) data for every single pixel, along with XYZ position information. That means you don’t have to load massive 3D scene models that take a long time to render. It allows you to add fog, custom lights or actors and render it in seconds, not hours, as it would in 3D software that uses full models with complex geometry!

Other terms that have been used as synonyms or hypernyms have included desktop manufacturing, rapid manufacturing (as the logical production-level successor to on-demand manufacturing (which echoes printing). Such application of the adjectives rapid and on-demand to the noun manufacturing was novel in the 2000s reveals the prevailing mental model of the long industrial era in which almost all production manufacturing involved long lead times for laborious tooling development. Today, the term subtractive has not replaced the term machining, instead complementing it when a term that covers any removal method is needed. Agile tooling is the use of modular means to design tooling that is produced by additive manufacturing or 3D printing methods to enable quick prototyping and responses to tooling and fixture needs. Agile tooling uses a cost-effective and high-quality method to quickly respond to customer and market needs, and it can be used in hydro-forming, stamping, injection molding and other manufacturing processes.

"But in terms of material requirements for such large and continuous displays, if consumed at theretofore known rates, but increased in proportion to increase in size, the high cost would severely limit any widespread enjoyment of a process or apparatus satisfying the foregoing objects."

"According to another aspect of the invention, a combination for writing and the like comprises a carrier for displaying an intelligence pattern and an arrangement for removing the pattern from the carrier."

The term 3D printing originally referred to a powder bed process employing standard and custom inkjet print heads, developed at MIT by Emanuel Sachs in 1993 and commercialized by Soligen Technologies, Extrude Hone Corporation, and Z Corporation.

Using 3D printing and multi-material structures in additive manufacturing has allowed for the design and creation of what is called 4D printing. 4D printing is an additive manufacturing process in which the printed object changes shape with time, temperature, or some other type of stimulation. 4D printing allows for the creation of dynamic structures with adjustable shapes, properties or functionality. The smart/stimulus responsive materials that are created using 4D printing can be activated to create calculated responses such as self-assembly, self-repair, multi-functionality, reconfiguration and shape shifting. This allows for customized printing of shape changing and shape-memory materials.

To become a viable industrial production option, there are a couple of challenges that 4D printing must overcome. The challenges of 4D printing include the fact that the microstructures of these printed smart materials must be close to or better than the parts obtained through traditional machining processes. New and customizable materials need to be developed that have the ability to consistently respond to varying external stimuli and change to their desired shape. There is also a need to design new software for the various technique types of 4D printing. The 4D printing software will need to take into consideration the base smart material, printing technique, and structural and geometric requirements of the design.

Additive manufacturing of food is being developed by squeezing out food, layer by layer, into three-dimensional objects. A large variety of foods are appropriate candidates, such as chocolate and candy, and flat foods such as crackers, pasta,food waste and to make food that is designed to fit an astronaut"s dietary needs.Giuseppe Scionti developed a technology allowing the production of fibrous plant-based meat analogues using a custom 3D bioprinter, mimicking meat texture and nutritional values.

3D printed soft actuators is a growing application of 3D printing technology which has found its place in the 3D printing applications. These soft actuators are being developed to deal with soft structures and organs especially in biomedical sectors and where the interaction between human and robot is inevitable. The majority of the existing soft actuators are fabricated by conventional methods that require manual fabrication of devices, post processing/assembly, and lengthy iterations until maturity of the fabrication is achieved. Instead of the tedious and time-consuming aspects of the current fabrication processes, researchers are exploring an appropriate manufacturing approach for effective fabrication of soft actuators. Thus, 3D printed soft actuators are introduced to revolutionise the design and fabrication of soft actuators with custom geometrical, functional, and control properties in a faster and inexpensive approach. They also enable incorporation of all actuator components into a single structure eliminating the need to use external joints, adhesives, and fasteners.

Michael Spence wrote that "Now comes a ... powerful, wave of digital technology that is replacing labor in increasingly complex tasks. This process of labor substitution and disintermediation has been underway for some time in service sectors—think of ATMs, online banking, enterprise resource planning, customer relationship management, mobile payment systems, and much more. This revolution is spreading to the production of goods, where robots and 3D printing are displacing labor." In his view, the vast majority of the cost of digital technologies comes at the start, in the design of hardware (e.g. 3D printers) and, more important, in creating the software that enables machines to carry out various tasks. "Once this is achieved, the marginal cost of the hardware is relatively low (and declines as scale rises), and the marginal cost of replicating the software is essentially zero. With a huge potential global market to amortize the upfront fixed costs of design and testing, the incentives to invest [in digital technologies] are compelling."

Spence believes that, unlike prior digital technologies, which drove firms to deploy underutilized pools of valuable labor around the world, the motivating force in the current wave of digital technologies "is cost reduction via the replacement of labor". For example, as the cost of 3D printing technology declines, it is "easy to imagine" that production may become "extremely" local and customized. Moreover, production may occur in response to actual demand, not anticipated or forecast demand. Spence believes that labor, no matter how inexpensive, will become a less important asset for growth and employment expansion, with labor-intensive, process-oriented manufacturing becoming less effective, and that re-localization will appear in both developed and developing countries. In his view, production will not disappear, but it will be less labor-intensive, and all countries will eventually need to rebuild their growth models around digital technologies and the human capital supporting their deployment and expansion. Spence writes that "the world we are entering is one in which the most powerful global flows will be ideas and digital capital, not goods, services, and traditional capital. Adapting to this will require shifts in mindsets, policies, investments (especially in human capital), and quite possibly models of employment and distribution."

Hideo Kodama, "A Scheme for Three-Dimensional Display by Automatic Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Model," IEICE Transactions on Electronics (Japanese Edition), vol. J64-C, No. 4, pp. 237–41, April 1981

Settings saved in EEPROM persist across reboots and still remain after flashing new firmware, so always send M502, M500 (or “Reset EEPROM” from the LCD) after flashing.

#define CUSTOM_STATUS_SCREEN_IMAGE STRING_CONFIG_H_AUTHOR is shown in the Marlin startup message to identify the author (and optional variant) of the firmware. Use this setting as a way to uniquely identify your custom configurations. The startup message is printed whenever the board (re)boots.

This is the name of your printer as displayed on the LCD and by M115. For example, if you set this to “My Delta” the LCD will display “My Delta ready” when the printer starts up.

Enable PID_AUTOTUNE_MENU to add an option on the LCD to run an Autotune cycle and automatically apply the result. Enable PID_PARAMS_PER_HOTEND if you have more than one extruder and they are different models.

M301 can be used to set Hotend PID and is also accessible through the LCD. M304 can be used to set bed PID. M303 should be used to tune PID values before using any new hotend components.

Use this option if you’ve connected the probe to a pin other than the Z MIN endstop pin. With this option enabled, by default Marlin will use the Z_MIN_PROBE_PIN specified in your board’s pins file (usually the X or Z MAX endstop pin since these are the most likely to be unused). If you need to use a different pin, define your custom pin number for Z_MIN_PROBE_PIN in Configuration.h.

Even if you have no bed probe you can still use any of the core AUTO_BED_LEVELING_* options below by selecting this option. With PROBE_MANUALLY the G29 command only moves the nozzle to the next probe point where it pauses. You adjust the Z height with a piece of paper or feeler gauge, then send G29 again to continue to the next point. You can also enable LCD_BED_LEVELING to add a “Level Bed” Menu item to the LCD for a fully interactive leveling process. MANUAL_PROBE_START_Z sets the Z-height the printer initially moves to at each mesh point during manual probing. With this disabled, the printer will move to Z0 for the first probe point. Then each consecutive probe point uses the Z position of the probe point preceding it.

The ANTCLABS BLTouch probe uses custom circuitry and a magnet to raise and lower a metal pin which acts as a touch probe. The BLTouch uses the servo connector and is controlled using specific servo angles. With this option enabled the other required settings are automatically configured (so there’s no need to enter servo angles, for example).

These offsets specify the distance from the tip of the nozzle to the probe — or more precisely, to the point at which the probe triggers. The X and Y offsets are specified as integers. The Z offset should be specified as exactly as possible using a decimal value. The Z offset can be overridden with M851 Z or the LCD controller. The M851 offset is saved to EEPROM with M500.

Use these settings to specify the distance (mm) to raise the probe (or lower the bed). The values set here apply over and above any (negative) probe Z Offset set with Z_PROBE_OFFSET_FROM_EXTRUDER, M851, or the LCD. Only integer values >= 1 are valid for these settings. Example: M851 Z-5 with a CLEARANCE of 4 => 9 mm from bed to nozzle.

These settings reverse the motor direction for each axis. Be careful when first setting these. Axes moving the wrong direction can cause damage. Get these right without belts attached first, if possible. Before testing, move the carriage and bed to the middle. Test each axis for proper movement using the host or LCD “Move Axis” menu. If an axis is inverted, either flip the plug around or change its invert setting.

AUTO_BED_LEVELING_UBL (recommended) combines the features of 3-point, linear, bilinear, and mesh leveling. As with bilinear leveling, the mesh data generated by UBL is used to adjust Z height across the bed using bilinear interpolation. An LCD controller is currently required.

MESH_BED_LEVELING provides a custom G29 command to measure the bed height at several grid points using a piece of paper or feeler gauge. See G29 for MBL for the full procedure. This type of leveling is only compatible with PROBE_MANUALLY.

#if ENABLED(LCD_BED_LEVELING) #define MESH_EDIT_Z_STEP 0.025 // (mm) Step size while manually probing Z axis. #define LCD_PROBE_Z_RANGE 4 // (mm) Z Range centered on Z_MIN_POS for LCD Z adjustment //#define MESH_EDIT_MENU // Add a menu to edit mesh points

Enable this option if a probe (not an endstop) is being used for Z homing. Z Safe Homing isn’t needed if a Z endstop is used for homing, but it may also be enabled just to have XY always move to some custom position after homing.

These are the default values for the Prepare > Preheat LCD menu options. These values can be overridden using the M145 command or the Control > Temperature > Preheat Material X conf submenus.

Choose your preferred language for the LCD controller here. Supported languages include: Code Language Code Language Code Language en English (Default) an Aragonese bg Bulgarian

This option applies only to character-based displays. Character-based displays (based on the Hitachi HD44780) provide an ASCII character set plus one of the following language extensions: JAPANESE … the most common

The SDSUPPORT option must be enabled or SD printing will not be supported. It is no longer enabled automatically for LCD controllers with built-in SDCard slot.

Disable all menus and only display the Status Screen with NO_LCD_MENUS, or just remove some extraneous menu items to recover space with SLIM_LCD_MENUS.

This option reverses the encoder direction for navigating LCD menus. If CLOCKWISE normally moves DOWN this makes it go UP. If CLOCKWISE normally moves UP this makes it go DOWN.

The duration and frequency for the UI feedback sound. Set these to 0 to disable audio feedback in the LCD menus. Test audio output with the G-code M300 S P

Marlin includes support for several controllers. The two most popular controllers supported by Marlin are: REPRAP_DISCOUNT_SMART_CONTROLLER A 20 x 4 character-based LCD controller with click-wheel.

REPRAP_DISCOUNT_FULL_GRAPHIC_SMART_CONTROLLER A monochrome 128 x 64 pixel-based LCD controller with click-wheel. Able to display simple bitmap graphics and up to 5 lines of text.

LCD_I2C_PANELOLU2 PANELOLU2 LCD with status LEDs, separate encoder and click inputs. The click input can either be directly connected to a pin (if BTN_ENC is defined) or read through I2C (with BTN_ENC undefined). Requires LiquidTWI2 library v1.2.3 or later.

Temperature status LEDs that display the hotend and bed temperature. If all hotend and bed temperature set-point are < 54C then the BLUE led is on. Otherwise the RED led is on. There is 1C hysteresis.

#define NEOPIXEL_PIXELS 30 // Number of LEDs in the strip, larger of 2 strips if 2 NeoPixel strips are used #define NEOPIXEL_IS_SEQUENTIAL // Sequential display for temperature change - LED by LED. Disable to change all LEDs at once. #define NEOPIXEL_BRIGHTNESS 127 // Initial brightness (0-255) //#define NEOPIXEL_STARTUP_TEST // Cycle through colors at startup

With Dual X-Carriage the HOTEND_OFFSET_X setting for T1 overrides X2_HOME_POS. Use M218 T1 X[homepos] to set a custom X2 home position, and M218 T1 X0 to use X2_HOME_POS. This offset can be saved to EEPROM with M500.

#if EITHER(ULTIPANEL, EXTENSIBLE_UI) #define MANUAL_FEEDRATE { 50*60, 50*60, 4*60, 60 } // Feedrates for manual moves along X, Y, Z, E from panel #define SHORT_MANUAL_Z_MOVE 0.025 // (mm) Smallest manual Z move (< 0.1mm) #if ENABLED(ULTIPANEL) #define MANUAL_E_MOVES_RELATIVE // Display extruder move distance rather than "position" #define ULTIPANEL_FEEDMULTIPLY // Encoder sets the feedrate multiplier on the Status Screen #endif

#if ENABLED(LED_CONTROL_MENU) #define LED_COLOR_PRESETS // Enable the Preset Color menu option #if ENABLED(LED_COLOR_PRESETS) #define LED_USER_PRESET_RED 255 // User defined RED value #define LED_USER_PRESET_GREEN 128 // User defined GREEN value #define LED_USER_PRESET_BLUE 0 // User defined BLUE value #define LED_USER_PRESET_WHITE 255 // User defined WHITE value #define LED_USER_PRESET_BRIGHTNESS 255 // User defined intensity //#define LED_USER_PRESET_STARTUP // Have the printer display the user preset color on startup

#if ENABLED(LCD_PROGRESS_BAR) #define PROGRESS_BAR_BAR_TIME 2000 // (ms) Amount of time to show the bar #define PROGRESS_BAR_MSG_TIME 3000 // (ms) Amount of time to show the status message #define PROGRESS_MSG_EXPIRE 0 // (ms) Amount of time to retain the status message (0=forever) //#define PROGRESS_MSG_ONCE // Show the message for MSG_TIME then clear it

Show a progress bar on HD44780 LCDs for SD printing. Sub-options determine how long to show the progress bar and status message, how long to retain the status message, and whether to include a progress bar test in the Debug menu.

Add an option for the firmware to abort SD printing if any endstop is triggered. Turn on with M540 S1 (or from the LCD menu) and make sure endstops are enabled (M120) during SD printing.

This option makes it easier to print the same SD Card file again. Whenever an SD print completes the LCD Menu will open with the same file selected. From there you can click to start a new print, or you can navigate elsewhere.

Use the optimizations here to improve printing performance, which can be adversely affected by graphical display drawing, especially when doing several short moves, and when printing on DELTA and SCARA machines.

Some of these options may result in the display lagging behind controller events, as there is a trade-off between reliable printing performance versus fast display updates.

#define DGUS_UPDATE_INTERVAL_MS 500 #if EITHER(DGUS_LCD_UI_FYSETC, DGUS_LCD_UI_HIPRECY) #define DGUS_PRINT_FILENAME #define DGUS_PREHEAT_UI #if ENABLED(DGUS_LCD_UI_FYSETC) //#define DGUS_UI_MOVE_DIS_OPTION

#if ENABLED(CLCD_USE_SOFT_SPI) #define CLCD_SOFT_SPI_MOSI 11 #define CLCD_SOFT_SPI_MISO 12 #define CLCD_SOFT_SPI_SCLK 13 #endif #endif //#define TOUCH_UI_INVERTED

Babystepping enables M290 and LCD menu items to move the axes by tiny increments without changing the current position values. This feature is used primarily to adjust the Z axis in the first layer of a print in real-time. Warning: Does not respect endstops!

Experimental feature for filament change support and parking the nozzle when paused. Adds the M600 command to perform a filament change. With PARK_HEAD_ON_PAUSE enabled also adds the M115 command to pause printing and park the nozzle. Requires an LCD display. Note that M600 is required for the default FILAMENT_RUNOUT_SCRIPT. Requires LCD display and NOZZLE_PARK_FEATURE.

#define CUSTOM_MENU_MAIN_SCRIPT_DONE "M117 User Script Done" #define CUSTOM_MENU_MAIN_SCRIPT_AUDIBLE_FEEDBACK //#define CUSTOM_MENU_MAIN_SCRIPT_RETURN // Return to status screen after a script

#define CUSTOM_MENU_CONFIG_SCRIPT_DONE "M117 Wireless Script Done" #define CUSTOM_MENU_CONFIG_SCRIPT_AUDIBLE_FEEDBACK //#define CUSTOM_MENU_CONFIG_SCRIPT_RETURN // Return to status screen after a script

#if PIN_EXISTS(BUTTON1) #define BUTTON1_HIT_STATE LOW // State of the triggered button. NC=LOW. NO=HIGH. #define BUTTON1_WHEN_PRINTING false // Button allowed to trigger during printing? #define BUTTON1_GCODE "G28" #define BUTTON1_DESC "Homing" // Optional string to set the LCD status #endif

#define MAX7219_INIT_TEST 2 // Test pattern at startup: 0=none, 1=sweep, 2=spiral #define MAX7219_NUMBER_UNITS 1 // Number of Max7219 units in chain. #define MAX7219_ROTATE 0 // Rotate the display clockwise (in multiples of +/- 90°) // connector at: right=0 bottom=-90 top=90 left=180

The MMU2 LCD menu allows you to load filament to the nozzle. The MMU2 will transport the filament all the way to the extruder gears. The required extruder steps to load it into the hotend have to be defined in Marlin.

To unload filament using the LCD menu a generic ramming sequence will be executed before the MMU2 will retract the filament. The steps to do so are defined using