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lg tft lcd module (Liquid crystal display) are made of liquid crystals that form digital images made visible through ambient light or through LED backlight. LCDs are used in the place of other displays that are less efficient such as cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and have become the most popular display type on the market.

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Over the last 18 months or so we have been exploring the hardware calibration feature of the LG OLED displays (CX and the latest C2 models particularly) and how to optimise the picture for various uses. To do this we’ve been making use of Portrait Display’s Calman calibration software and the “AutoCal” feature that it provides to directly calibrate the screen at a hardware level. This isn’t the only package available to hardware calibrate these screens, but it’s the mostly widely used and popular. We weren’t intending to write a guide or article about this really, other than maybe providing some results as an update and brief overview in our LG CX OLED review and LG 42C2 OLED review. But the more we tested and experimented, the more we realised how potentially complicated and confusing this topic can be. There is a mass of great information out there on various forums and webpages, but it is scattered around and hard to make sense of sometimes. There’s also a lot of great information on Portrait’s website, but nothing that lays the process out from start to finish.

So we thought we would write this guide which covers everything you might need to know for a typical calibration of the LG OLED TV’s. It’s not meant to be definitive or include every possible option, and we aren’t going to cover things like complicated manual calibration steps or professional-usage setup. This is meant as a guide that will hopefully be useful to your average owner who wants to invest a bit of time and money in hardware calibrating the screen for their normal uses like TV, movies and gaming. Our thanks to Portrait Displays for all their time talking to us about this topic and answering our many questions as we went.

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An LG OLED TV (preferably 2019 models or later)– we have written this guide while using the 2020 CX model but equally this also applies to other 2020 models like the GX for example. It should also apply to the 2019 C9 models, and the more recent 2021 C1 range. Support for the 2022 C2 range is not yet officially available in the Calman software although the pipeline is the same as the C1 models, and having tested this out on our C2 sample we have confirmed it works fine. So you should be good to calibrate even the latest C2 (and other 2022) models. For a full list of LG OLED TV’s that support LG AutoCal and this process see Portrait Display’s list here.

Some parts might change a bit but the gist of it should be the same. The 48″ CX48 and C1 models have become particularly popular for use as a monitor given their relatively small size (for a TV) and was introduced in 2020 as the smallest OLED offering in this space. We reviewed the LG CX OLED back in October 2020 specifically looking at its use as a desktop monitor by the way if you want to know more. More recently in the 2022 C2 range there is also now a 42″ model if you want something smaller still although Calman calibration support is not officially listed yet, but it still works fine. We reviewed the LG 42C2 OLED model in April 2022.

Calman calibration software – in order to access the TV’s hardware calibration feature you will need Portrait Display’s Calman software package. They have worked hand in hand with LG to optimise this performance and process and their software provides full control over the screen, it’s settings and access to the hardware Look Up Tables (LUT). The software carries out the so-called “AutoCal” process for you on the screen once you’ve set a few things up.

The most popular choice specifically for calibrating LG TV’s is ‘Calman Home for LG‘ which is available from Portrait Display’s website at a modest price of $145.00 USD for a one year license. If you have one of their more advanced professional software packages such as Calman Ultimate ($2,995) then the same process is available within those packages too, you don’t need both. For most general consumers looking to hardware calibrate their LG OLED TV the Home package is what they need. For the 2020 CX models it needs to be Calman 2020 v5.11.0 or newer but if you’re buying it new you will get the latest version anyway. If you already have a live license then you should be able to download the latest version of the software from their website for free. The software version is independent of the licence, you can always download and use whatever the latest version is as long as your license is still live.

A calibration device – to carry out the measurements and calibration of the screen you will need a calibration device. There’s a really wide range of devices available but one of the most popular devices for this is theX-rite i1 Display Pro (or more recent Pro Plus model) which is available in all key regions from Amazon (affiliate link). This can of course be used for calibrating your PC monitor as well but it’s a great device to use with the LG AutoCal process. If you have access to a higher end and more expensive spectroradiometer device then that can also help add some additional accuracy which we will discuss later when it comes to the optional Meter Profiling step. Pretty much all of the mainstream meters are supported as well as many more niche offerings. If in doubt check with Calman.

A pattern generator (included in the TV for 2019 models and later) – this is the part that displays all the colours and test patterns on the TV for the calibration process. Thankfully for 2019 LG OLED models and later these are built in to the TV so you don’t need to worry, so that includes the 2020 CX models. This supports SDR, HDR and Dolby Vision (DV) calibrations. If you are wanting to calibrate an earlier TV like a 2018 model you will need to purchase an external pattern generator for HDR and DV calibration as unfortunately there are no test patterns built in to the TV. Portrait Displays have some available to buy on their website, we won’t go in to more detail here about those as they aren’t needed for the 2019 models or later (C9, CX, C1, C2 etc)

A PC or laptop that is connected to the LG OLED TV you are going to calibrate– this should be preferably with its own screen as you won’t be able to use the LG TV while it’s being calibrated. This also needs to be connected to the same home network as the TV, and the TV needs to be connected either using Wi-Fi or Ethernet to that network.

You’re ready to calibrate the screen now!We have provided step by step guidance using the Calman Home for LG software below which is the most common (and affordable) package applicable here. The steps are very similar with their other packages like Calman Ultimate but you’d need to first load up the ‘display specific – AutoCal LG’ workflow from the main menu on those. Plug in your meter to the laptop/PC then load up the Calman software.

Select ‘OLED TV (WRGB)’ for the meter mode – this menu adds a correction profile for the meter based on the screen you are calibrating. It’s not needed for spectro devices like the X-rite i1 Pro or other high-end devices like that, but is there for colorimeters like the commonly used i1 Display Pro. LG OLED TV’s have a WRGB (White, Red, Green, Blue) pixel structure and the correction profile was added in to the Calman software as of v5.12.0 in April 2021. Note that there is also an ‘OLED – (RGB)’ option, but that is designed for OLED screens with a normal RGB pixel structure, not used in the TV space. Previously this was labelled simply as ‘OLED’ in this menu which led to some confusion in the past. Now that Calman have added a specific ‘OLED TV (WRGB)’ mode, you should select that for your colorimeter device for optimal performance.

This step connects the test patterns that will be shown on the screen and used for the measurements and calibration. You can use external pattern generators for this if you want, but we won’t go in to that here and they will cost extra money. Thankfully the LG 2019 OLED TV’s onwards, including the 2020 CX, 2021 C1 and 2022 C2 models, have featured built-in pattern generators, so you can tell the Calman software to access and use those which makes life simpler (and cheaper).

Update 10 Nov 2022 – it seems users are having difficulty using the built-in pattern generator on the LG C2 series after a firmware update from LG, and it is producing incorrect colours and making calibration impossible. We are keeping an eye on the situation and will follow up with Portrait Displays for updates. In the mean time, by all means try to use this process, but it may not work on a C2 at the moment in which case you would need to wait for an update from LG/Portrait.

Select the relevant model for your TV – here we have selected LG – 2020/2021 OLED as we are calibrating an LG CX OLED TV. We should note here that you might see some references online to selecting your TV source as LG 2019 when calibrating the HDR mode, even if your TV is a 2020 model. This relates to an issue with an older 2020 model firmware where it was not generating the right HDR test patterns, but this has been resolved and as long as your TV is running a recent/current firmware you can select the 2020 TV model here without issue for all calibrations (SDR, HDR and DV). For 2022 models like the C2, select “2020/2021 Alpha 9” as well, that will work with those models even though Portrait Displays haven’t yet updated the software “officially”.

The TV itself should switch in to a grey scale pattern page which means the pattern generator is now active, at which point you will need to use your laptop or other display to continue using and controlling the Calman software. This has activated the internal pattern generator from the TV and you should see the Source tab turn green and have ‘LG’ listed

In the pop-up select LG and the relevant TV model.For the LG CX selection the options shown above. For the C1 or C2 select the “2021 Alpha 9” option listed

Luminance levels ensure ‘Video (16 – 235)’ is selected. Note that LG AutoCal is not designed to work for ‘PC (0 – 255)’ mode. You can calibrate in the video mode anyway and if your input device operates with full PC RGB just ensure that’s switched on within the TV menu and your device settings afterwards.

26. The brightness and contrast adjustment steps of the ‘dynamic range’ page are not needed for LG AutoCal, they will likely be removed in a future update to the software.

We will now talk through the process for calibrating the HDR mode which will be used for a lot of content including HDR movies, games and content from your PC (if connected) and some other HDR TV sources. There is a separate mode for Dolby Vision (DV) content that we will go through after. We like to calibrate two of the HDR modes on the LG OLED TV’s. We use HDR Cinema for movies, videos and general HDR content. That’s the mode we have active when watching HDR PC content, or other general HDR 10 or HLG input sources. Then we calibrate a second modeHDR Gamewhich we set as active for PC gaming, or as the default for consoles connected when they enter HDR mode (PS5, Xbox Series X etc). The HDR Game mode carries the low input lag mode so is optimal for gaming.

Next, click ‘find source’ to connect the LG TV, again as explained earlier in the article. This will begin the test pattern on the screen, but importantly it should still be in HDR mode. You can check this by opening up the TV menu and checking you’re still in the target HDR picture mode. HDR Cinema in our case.

Update 10 Nov 2022 – it seems users are having difficulty using the built-in pattern generator on the LG C2 series after a firmware update from LG, and it is producing incorrect colours and making calibration impossible. We are keeping an eye on the situation and will follow up with Portrait Displays for updates. In the mean time, by all means try to use this process, but it may not work on a C2 at the moment in which case you would need to wait for an update from LG/Portrait.

On the ‘Display Connect’ page you might already have the TV DDC connected from before. If not, click ‘find LG TV’ and connect that as per the steps explained earlier in the article for connecting the TV. Beneath that, make sure you select the correct preset mode you want to calibrate (here we are using HDR Cinema) then press “Full DDC reset”to restore that mode to the native panel state.

A pop up will appear after a few seconds, select ‘LG 20 points HDR’ from the drop down. Don’t bother with any further points, it will just slow down the calibration and won’t bring any additional benefits of note. This Autocal process will then run automatically for you. It takes around 35 – 40 minutes to complete typically with an X-rite i1 Display Pro meter

Please note that an LG TV firmware update last year has disabled the ability to drive the in-built pattern generator for DV content it seems when running in that mode. We have reported it to Portrait Displays who in turn are working with LG to correct this. This seems to be temperamental and we were able to run the source pattern again this week while testing the C2 display. So we have written this update to the guide but don’t be alarmed if you cannot load the TV source pattern generator on your TV for DV calibration. This firmware update affects the CX and C2 models we have with us, but it may not impact other supported LG OLED TV’s from the wider range. If not, you can follow this guide fine.

Just beneath the find source button select “window 10%” from the drop down menu then click ‘find source’ to connect the LG TV, again as explained earlier in the article. This will begin the test pattern on the screen, but importantly it should still be in DV mode. You can check this by opening up the TV menu and checking you’re still in the target DV picture mode. “Dolby Vision Cinema Home” in our case.

Note that the source connection is the stage that’s currently not working due to a 2021 firmware update from LG, at least on the CX and C2 models we have for testing. If the source pattern doesn’t load, then it’s likely your TV is also affected and you will need to wait for LG to fix this.

The software suggests that you need to click the source tab and set the Dolby Vision mode to ‘Absolute’ as shown in the screenshot above although we understand this to be a forthcoming change with LG and not something we’ve seen before. If those settings show for you in the source tab then make sure to select ‘absolute’. If not it might look more like the below in which case just ensure Colorspace is set to HDR 2020 in the source tab. We are seeking clarification from Portrait on these settings and if something is being changed.

On the ‘Display Connect’ page you might already have the TV DDC connected from before. If not, click ‘find LG TV‘ and connect that as per the steps explained earlier in the article for connecting the TV. The tab should turn green.

A pop up will appear after a few seconds, select ‘LG 20 points HDR’ from the drop down. Don’t bother with any further points, it will just slow down the calibration and won’t bring any additional benefits of note. This AutoCal process will then run automatically for you. It takes around 35 – 40 minutes to complete typically with an X-rite i1 Display Pro meter

For background and information, current HDR-compatible televisions are still based on 2.2 gamma at the panel level. The HDR EOTF (ST 2084 or HLG) is then mapped onto the native panel response of 2.2 gamma. Working with LG and Dolby, the Calman software sends special Dolby Vision “Relative Mode” metadata to put the TV’s Dolby Vision engine into pass-through mode. You then calibrate the grayscale 1D LUT to 2.2 gamma and D65 white point using AutoCal. After you calibrate the grayscale to 2.2 gamma and D65, you will use Calman to create a custom Dolby Vision config file, by taking White, Black, Red, Green, and Blue measurements. (that step is shown later).

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10 November 2022 – added note about current problems with LG C2 internal pattern generator which seems to be affecting all calibration options. We are doing further testing ourselves and following up with Portrait, but don’t be alarmed if the pattern generator doesn’t load or has wrong colours on the C2, you’re not alone! This seems to have been caused by an LG firmware update.

17 May 2022 – added Dolby Vision calibration process, added 2022 model support clarification and testing (e.g. LG C2), improved shadow detail controls guidance in all sections.

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The global TFT-LCD display panel market attained a value of USD 181.67 billion in 2022. It is expected to grow further in the forecast period of 2023-2028 with a CAGR of 5.2% and is projected to reach a value of USD 246.25 billion by 2028.

The current global TFT-LCD display panel market is driven by the increasing demand for flat panel TVs, good quality smartphones, tablets, and vehicle monitoring systems along with the growing gaming industry. The global display market is dominated by the flat panel display with TFT-LCD display panel being the most popular flat panel type and is being driven by strong demand from emerging economies, especially those in Asia Pacific like India, China, Korea, and Taiwan, among others. The rising demand for consumer electronics like LCD TVs, PCs, laptops, SLR cameras, navigation equipment and others have been aiding the growth of the industry.

TFT-LCD display panel is a type of liquid crystal display where each pixel is attached to a thin film transistor. Since the early 2000s, all LCD computer screens are TFT as they have a better response time and improved colour quality. With favourable properties like being light weight, slim, high in resolution and low in power consumption, they are in high demand in almost all sectors where displays are needed. Even with their larger dimensions, TFT-LCD display panel are more feasible as they can be viewed from a wider angle, are not susceptible to reflection and are lighter weight than traditional CRT TVs.

The global TFT-LCD display panel market is being driven by the growing household demand for average and large-sized flat panel TVs as well as a growing demand for slim, high-resolution smart phones with large screens. The rising demand for portable and small-sized tablets in the educational and commercial sectors has also been aiding the TFT-LCD display panel market growth. Increasing demand for automotive displays, a growing gaming industry and the emerging popularity of 3D cinema, are all major drivers for the market. Despite the concerns about an over-supply in the market, the shipments of large TFT-LCD display panel again rose in 2020.

North America is the largest market for TFT-LCD display panel, with over one-third of the global share. It is followed closely by the Asia-Pacific region, where countries like India, China, Korea, and Taiwan are significant emerging market for TFT-LCD display panels. China and India are among the fastest growing markets in the region. The growth of the demand in these regions have been assisted by the growth in their economy, a rise in disposable incomes and an increasing demand for consumer electronics.

The report gives a detailed analysis of the following key players in the global TFT-LCD display panel Market, covering their competitive landscape, capacity, and latest developments like mergers, acquisitions, and investments, expansions of capacity, and plant turnarounds:

A thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD) is a variant of a liquid-crystal display that uses thin-film-transistor technologyactive matrix LCD, in contrast to passive matrix LCDs or simple, direct-driven (i.e. with segments directly connected to electronics outside the LCD) LCDs with a few segments.

In February 1957, John Wallmark of RCA filed a patent for a thin film MOSFET. Paul K. Weimer, also of RCA implemented Wallmark"s ideas and developed the thin-film transistor (TFT) in 1962, a type of MOSFET distinct from the standard bulk MOSFET. It was made with thin films of cadmium selenide and cadmium sulfide. The idea of a TFT-based liquid-crystal display (LCD) was conceived by Bernard Lechner of RCA Laboratories in 1968. In 1971, Lechner, F. J. Marlowe, E. O. Nester and J. Tults demonstrated a 2-by-18 matrix display driven by a hybrid circuit using the dynamic scattering mode of LCDs.T. Peter Brody, J. A. Asars and G. D. Dixon at Westinghouse Research Laboratories developed a CdSe (cadmium selenide) TFT, which they used to demonstrate the first CdSe thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD).active-matrix liquid-crystal display (AM LCD) using CdSe TFTs in 1974, and then Brody coined the term "active matrix" in 1975.high-resolution and high-quality electronic visual display devices use TFT-based active matrix displays.

The circuit layout process of a TFT-LCD is very similar to that of semiconductor products. However, rather than fabricating the transistors from silicon, that is formed into a crystalline silicon wafer, they are made from a thin film of amorphous silicon that is deposited on a glass panel. The silicon layer for TFT-LCDs is typically deposited using the PECVD process.

Polycrystalline silicon is sometimes used in displays requiring higher TFT performance. Examples include small high-resolution displays such as those found in projectors or viewfinders. Amorphous silicon-based TFTs are by far the most common, due to their lower production cost, whereas polycrystalline silicon TFTs are more costly and much more difficult to produce.

The twisted nematic display is one of the oldest and frequently cheapest kind of LCD display technologies available. TN displays benefit from fast pixel response times and less smearing than other LCD display technology, but suffer from poor color reproduction and limited viewing angles, especially in the vertical direction. Colors will shift, potentially to the point of completely inverting, when viewed at an angle that is not perpendicular to the display. Modern, high end consumer products have developed methods to overcome the technology"s shortcomings, such as RTC (Response Time Compensation / Overdrive) technologies. Modern TN displays can look significantly better than older TN displays from decades earlier, but overall TN has inferior viewing angles and poor color in comparison to other technology.

The transmittance of a pixel of an LCD panel typically does not change linearly with the applied voltage,sRGB standard for computer monitors requires a specific nonlinear dependence of the amount of emitted light as a function of the RGB value.

Less expensive PVA panels often use dithering and FRC, whereas super-PVA (S-PVA) panels all use at least 8 bits per color component and do not use color simulation methods.BRAVIA LCD TVs offer 10-bit and xvYCC color support, for example, the Bravia X4500 series. S-PVA also offers fast response times using modern RTC technologies.

TFT dual-transistor pixel or cell technology is a reflective-display technology for use in very-low-power-consumption applications such as electronic shelf labels (ESL), digital watches, or metering. DTP involves adding a secondary transistor gate in the single TFT cell to maintain the display of a pixel during a period of 1s without loss of image or without degrading the TFT transistors over time. By slowing the refresh rate of the standard frequency from 60 Hz to 1 Hz, DTP claims to increase the power efficiency by multiple orders of magnitude.

Due to the very high cost of building TFT factories, there are few major OEM panel vendors for large display panels. The glass panel suppliers are as follows:

External consumer display devices like a TFT LCD feature one or more analog VGA, DVI, HDMI, or DisplayPort interface, with many featuring a selection of these interfaces. Inside external display devices there is a controller board that will convert the video signal using color mapping and image scaling usually employing the discrete cosine transform (DCT) in order to convert any video source like CVBS, VGA, DVI, HDMI, etc. into digital RGB at the native resolution of the display panel. In a laptop the graphics chip will directly produce a signal suitable for connection to the built-in TFT display. A control mechanism for the backlight is usually included on the same controller board.

The low level interface of STN, DSTN, or TFT display panels use either single ended TTL 5 V signal for older displays or TTL 3.3 V for slightly newer displays that transmits the pixel clock, horizontal sync, vertical sync, digital red, digital green, digital blue in parallel. Some models (for example the AT070TN92) also feature input/display enable, horizontal scan direction and vertical scan direction signals.

New and large (>15") TFT displays often use LVDS signaling that transmits the same contents as the parallel interface (Hsync, Vsync, RGB) but will put control and RGB bits into a number of serial transmission lines synchronized to a clock whose rate is equal to the pixel rate. LVDS transmits seven bits per clock per data line, with six bits being data and one bit used to signal if the other six bits need to be inverted in order to maintain DC balance. Low-cost TFT displays often have three data lines and therefore only directly support 18 bits per pixel. Upscale displays have four or five data lines to support 24 bits per pixel (truecolor) or 30 bits per pixel respectively. Panel manufacturers are slowly replacing LVDS with Internal DisplayPort and Embedded DisplayPort, which allow sixfold reduction of the number of differential pairs.

Kawamoto, H. (2012). "The Inventors of TFT Active-Matrix LCD Receive the 2011 IEEE Nishizawa Medal". Journal of Display Technology. 8 (1): 3–4. Bibcode:2012JDisT...8....3K. doi:10.1109/JDT.2011.2177740. ISSN 1551-319X.

K. H. Lee; H. Y. Kim; K. H. Park; S. J. Jang; I. C. Park & J. Y. Lee (June 2006). "A Novel Outdoor Readability of Portable TFT-LCD with AFFS Technology". SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers. AIP. 37 (1): 1079–82. doi:10.1889/1.2433159. S2CID 129569963.

We have thousands of standard products that are in stock and available from our Seattle, WA and Hong Kong warehouses to support fast product development and preproduction without MOQ. The stock covers TN, STN LCD display panels, COB, COG character LCD display, graphic LCD display, PMOLED, AMOLED display, TFT display, IPS display, high brightness and transflective, blanview sunlight readable display, super high contrast ratio display, lightning fast response displays, efficient low power consumption display, extreme temperature range display, HMI display, HDMI display, Raspberry Pi Display, Arduino display, embedded display, capacitive touch screen, LED backlight etc.  Customers can easily purchase samples directly from our website to avoid time delays with setting up accounts and credit terms and shipping within 24 hours.

Many of our customers require customized OEM display solutions.  With over two decades of experience, we apply our understanding of available display solutions to meet our customer’s requirements and assist from project concept to mass production. Using your ideas and requirements as a foundation, we work side by side with you to develop ideas/concepts into drawings, build prototypes and to final production seamlessly. In order to meet the fast changing world, we can provide the fastest turnaround in the industry, it takes only 3-4 weeks to produce LCD panels samples and 4-6 weeks for LCD display module, TFT LCD, IPS LCD display, and touch screen samples. The production time is only 4-5 weeks for LCD panels and 5-8 weeks for LCD display module, TFT LCD, IPS LCD display, and touch screen.